Background. Considering the position and importance of sports federations in Iran and their very important duties and dependence on the Ministry of Sports and Youth in terms of financial resources, they must be responsive to their performance in providing services and implementing their programs. The duties are namely the development and promotion of sports at the public and championship levels...

The article discusses the features of pre-trial settlement labor disputes in professional sports. historical aspect formation legislation terms dispute sports is revealed, main signs are given, particular, autonomy and confidentiality. approaches All-Russian Sports Federations leagues to resolution athletes both first appellate instances specified. also examines problems legal regulation status...

Despite increased investment, current conservation strategies have failed to stop environmental degradation and loss of biodiversity of the earth’s ecosystems with consequent climate change. Community Conservation’s (CC) 30 years of experience has produced a successful, cost-effective, field-tested flexible formula to catalyze communities to stop deforestation and biodiversity loss. Our method ...

Commercial Off The Shelf tools (COTS) are now widely distributed, of good quality, relatively cheap and cover most of the application domains. It is thus a surprise to consider that it is uncommon to reuse COTS when building large applications. At least it is recognized that building a large application based on COTS is a tough issue. This paper seeks to show why COTS reuse is not a reality; we...

Modern information services require world-wide cooperation, and involve a group of autonomously administered computing systems, i.e., sovereign systems. Traditionally, system integration has been facilitated by forcing a common interface layer on each of the systems involved. However, autonomous administration causes asynchrony of service evolution and variation in common service behaviour in e...