BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Nanotechnology approaches can overcome the side effects of chemotherapy as well as improve the efficacy of drugs. Dendrimers are nanometric size polymers which are suitable as drug delivery systems. To the best of our knowledge, studies on the application of PAMAM G4.5 (polyamidoamine half generation 4) dendrimers a...

Mast cells represent a potential source of TNF, a mediator which can enhance dendritic cell (DC) migration. Although the importance of mast cell-associated TNF in regulating DC migration in vivo is not clear, mast cells and mast cell-derived TNF can contribute to the expression of certain models of contact hypersensitivity (CHS). We found that CHS to FITC was significantly impaired in mast cell...

This paper presents the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) functionalized with fluorescent molecules, in particular xanthene-based dyes, i.e., fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC, λmax = 485 nm) and rhodamine B (RITC, 555 nm). An in-depth characterization particle–dye systems, AgNPs–RITC AgNPs–FITC, is presented to evaluate their chemical structure optical properties due interaction between...

To evaluate the equivalence of 8G12 conjugated with either phycoerythrin (PE) or fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), duplicate fluorochrome-8G12 labelling was carried out in 229 samples. Additionally, 53 samples were simultaneously immunostained with FITC-8G12 and PE-8G12. Significantly higher values (p < 0.001) were observed in PE-CD34+ cells when compared with FITC-CD34+ cells both in duplicat...

The pathways by which insulin exits the vasculature to muscle interstitium have not been characterized. In the present study, we infused FITC-labeled insulin to trace morphologically (using confocal immunohistochemical methods) insulin transport into rat skeletal muscle. We biopsied rectus muscle at 0, 10, 30, and 60 min after beginning a continuous (10 mU x min(-1) x kg(-1)), intravenous FITC-...

objective: synthetic fluorescent dyes that are conjugated to antibodies are useful tools to probe molecules. based on dye chemical structures, their photobleaching and photostability indices are quite diverse. it is generally believed that among different fluorescent dyes, alexa fluor family has greater photostability than traditional dyes like fluorescein isothiocyanate (fitc) and cy5. alexa f...

Proline-glycine, proline-leucine and proline-valine dipeptides and their retro variants were used in the experiments to study the effects of pretreatment (imprinting) in Tetrahymena, by investigating fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated peptide binding. The protozoan organism could differentiate between the proline-dipeptides containing different partner amino-acids and between the dipe...

Isothiocyanates are recognized inhibitors acting on ATP-binding sites of P-type ATPases. Detailed studies with modification of proteins in molecules of purified ATPases by fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and consequent tryptic hydrolysis followed by isolation and sequencing of the respective peptide fragments revealed FITC bound to a lysine residue. This residue was then indicated to be essen...

In an attempt to establish the stoichiometry of phosphorylation in the Ca2+-ATPase of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) vesicles, phosphorylation by ATP (or Pi) or labeling by fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate (FITC) was performed with the SR vesicles under the conditions in which almost all the phosphorylation sites or FITC binding sites are phosphorylated or labeled. The resulting vesicles were solubili...

OBJECTIVE To study the practicality of the FITC-CSNRDARRC peptide ligand (containing the Cys-Ser-Asn-Arg-Asp-Ala-Arg-Arg-Cys nonapeptide) in diagnosing and monitoring bladder tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between March 2011 and September 2011, 80 consecutive patients with radiographic abnormalities, localizing hematuria, other symptoms, or signs were studied using the FITC-CSNRDARRC ligand, u...