Background: Techniques of sperm preparation require centrifugation to separate spermatozoa from the seminal plasma. The centrifugation can induce damage to the spermatozoa and increase reactive oxygen species(ROS) productionspecially in leukospermic speciemens that are associated with impaired function and fertilizing capacity. However in ICSI, fertilization can occure with damage DNA sperm but...

Introduction: The amount of expression of BAX and BCL-2 genes in infertile men’s sperm as well as its association with sperm parameters and DNA fragmentation index is an issue which has not been studied yet. In this research, it is assumed that up-regulation of BAX and downregulation of BCL-2 are directly associated with sperm DNA fragmentation. Methods: After obtaining semen samples from the ...

A comprehensive investigation was carried out to minimize the cost price of the rock fragmentation process including: drilling, blasting, secondary blasting and separating the large boulders (oversize rocks) while loading, until the optimized fragmentation, powder factor and ratio of burden (B) to blasthole diameter (?h) were achieved by doing several stages of drilling and blasting practically...

Background Telehealth initiatives have bloomed around the globe, but their integration and diffusion remain challenging because of the complex issues they raise. Available evidence around telehealth usually deals with its expected effects and benefits, but its unintended consequences (UCs) and influencing factors are little documented. This study aims to explore, describe and analyze mult...

there are fragmentations in iran’s health insurance system. multiple health insurance funds exist, without adequate provisions for transfer or redistribution of cross subsidy among them. multiple risk pools, including several private secondary insurance schemes, have resulted in a tiered health insurance system with inequitable benefit packages for different segments of the population. also fra...

Animal-mediated pollination is essential for both ecosystem services and conservation of global biodiversity, but a growing body of work reveals that it is negatively affected by anthropogenic disturbance. Landscape-scale disturbance results in two often inter-related processes: (1) habitat loss, (2) disruptions of habitat configuration (i.e. fragmentation). Understanding the relative effects o...

distribution of population depends on the distribution of goods and services. the distribution of population is very important not only for its effects on different aspects of population but also because of its relations with the general features of area. programmers can control the distribution of the population if they control the distribution of goods and services. the purpose of the present...