The need for a dependable method for the stor age and preservation of viable tumor tissues has long been of concern to investigators in experimen tal oncology. This problem is of particular interest in the study of mouse leukemia, where the main tenance of any given line of leukemia depends upon continuous serial transfer through successive generations of inbred mice of known genetic con stitut...

purpose of this study is analysis of spatial auto-correlation of freezing changes of iran over the last half century. daily temperature data over the period 1340 - 1383 of esfezari database provided by doctor masoodian (to enhance the temporal resolution of the database, daily observations of temperature from 1383 to the end of 1390 using the same method and the same spatial resolution is added...

we performed molecular dynamics simulations using the coarse-grained model to study the freezing behavior of pure water and 14% water-salt mixture in a wide range of temperatures for a very long time around 50 nanoseconds. for the salty water, an interface in nanoscale was used. for both systems, the freezing behavior of water molecules was studied using some qualities such as density, total en...

A frozen phase transition model is developed to investigate the heat and mass transfer of a single water droplet during the vacuum freezing process. The model is based on the diffusion-controlled evaporation mechanism and phase transition characteristics. The droplet vacuum freezing process can be divided into three stages according to the droplet states and the time order. It includes the evap...

In the last period, the mass and heat transfer processes are important subjects in the cooling and freezing food product domain [1]. The past years literature’ study reveals an increasing interest for controlling and freezing front propagation in these kind practices [1,2,3]. A series of analytical or numerical approaching were developed [3,4,5]. The present paper exposes a comparative investig...

[1] I examine the morphology of ice growth in porous media. Intermolecular forces cause premelted fluid to migrate and supply segregated ice growth (e.g., lenses) and frost heave. I account for the net effect of these microscopic interactions in a homogenized model formulated in terms of fundamental physical properties and characteristics of the porous medium that can be measured; no ad hoc par...

An enzymatic biotransformation process based on extracted pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) overcomes the problem of by-product benzyl alcohol production. Seven methods of cells disruption which included application of glass beads, freezing/thawing sequence, silver nanoparticles, ultrasonication, freezing/thawing sequence with glass beads, freezing/thawing sequence with silver nanoparticles, and fre...

This paper presents a systematic procedure based on the adjoint method for solving a class of inverse directional alloy solidification design problems in which a desired growth velocity v f is achieved under stable growth conditions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that a continuum adjoint formulation is proposed for the solution of an inverse problem with simultaneous heat...