This paper contributes to conversations which examine the effectiveness of grammar knowledge courses in native speaker (NS) UK pre-service TESOL education. A three-year longitudinal study was undertaken at a university. It explored 10 NS participants’ ability demonstrate grammatical awareness during their practicum after studying 48-contact hour explicit course before procedural education began...

This review concentrates on two different language dimensions: lexical/semantic and grammatical. This distinction between a lexical/semantic system and a grammatical system is well known in linguistics, but in cognitive neurosciences it has been obscured by the assumption that there are several forms of language disturbances associated with focal brain damage and hence language includes a diver...

Selective noun or verb deficits in word production observed in some aphasic patients have helped us understand how grammatical knowledge is represented in the brain (e.g., Bi, Han, Shu, & Caramazza, 2007; Caramazza & Hillis, 1991; see reviews in Laiacona & Caramazza, 2004; Shapiro & Caramazza, 2003a). It has been shown that such patients are not a coherent group but are produced by various caus...

This paper depicts the fundamentals of a computational grammar able to provide adequate representations for Portuguese simple sentences with several kinds of ambiguities. Besides the description of the architecture of the system proposed and the way it works, the paper focuses on the discussion of the nature of the specifications to encode in order to get a high level of precision. From a lingu...

Chinese character structure has often been described as representing a kind of grammar, but the notion of character grammar has hardly been explored. Patterns in character element reduplication are particularly grammar-like, displaying discrete combinatoriality, binarity, phonology-like final prominence, and potentially the need for symbolic rules (X→XX). To test knowledge of these patterns, Ch...