Neighbourhood Effects, Housing Tenure, and Individual Employment Outcomes This paper investigates whether individuals living in neighbourhoods with high concentrations of unemployment are less likely to enter work if they are unemployed and more likely to lose their job if they are employed. The main challenge in the neighbourhood effects literature is the identification of causal neighbourhood...

This paper illustrates how Chittaro’s methods of modelling functions and goals can be applied to a reliability procedure known as Failure Modes and Effects. The use of functional models links structure to purpose and the central theme of this paper is to show how the design objectives of a system can be linked to the structure using functional models as an intermediary. The models are demonstra...

After the 2008 Wall Street crash, it became clear to economists that financial systems, along with other social and economic systems, are not immune to being manipulated by small groups of players to their own advantage. Given this, two natural questions arise. For a particular policy design or proposed economic system, can such manipulation be foreseen in advance and possibly prevented? And ca...

I. Introduction The reasons for improving the analog and mixed-signal test program set design and Failure Mode Effects Analysis (FMEA) process are well documented [1-7]. For instance, identification of chronic production faults, improved safety and reliability through the analysis of difficult to test failure modes, investigation of circuit failure mechanisms, and excessive part stress could al...

Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) has been extensively used for examining potential failures in products, processes, designs and services. An important issue of FMEA is the determination of risk priorities of the failure modes that have been identified. The traditional FMEA determines the risk priorities of failure modes using the so-called risk priority numbers (RPNs), which require the...

Reliability Centered Maintenance(RCM) is one of most widely used methods in the modern power system to schedule a maintenance cycle and determine the priority of inspection. In order to apply the RCM method to the Smart Grid, a precedence study for the new structure of rearranged system should be performed due to introduction of additional installation such as renewable and sustainable energy r...

The Human-Machine Systems Engineering Methodology (HMSEM) is a systematic method to prospectively identify relevant human fallibilities, potential errors, and general human factors issues in a complex, high-risk system, then develop design recommendations for remediations to counteract the fallibilities, avoid or mitigate the errors, and therefore resolve the issues. HMSEM uses IDEF0 functional...