objectives: the vineland adaptive behavior scale-ii is useful in assessing an individual’s daily functioning. they can be used as an evaluation and diagnostic tool for individuals who are mentally retarded or individuals with other handicaps. methods: to determine the efficacy of vabs in clinical settings, 3 cases with mental retardation and behavioral or emotional problems were evaluated accor...

objectives: the aim of this research was to study information seeking behavior and the pattern of reading behavior of faculty members of university of social welfare & rehabilitation sciences in using printed and electronic resources. methods: the descriptive research method was a survey method. the research was implemented by using an organized questionnaire which was distributed among the sta...

background: pedestrian injuries are a significant source of mortality and disability among children and prevention of it requires educational strategies and comprehensive approaches. this study was done to determine the effect of health education based on planned behavior theory (tpb) in promotion of safe behaviors in crossing the road among students, who are in four-grade in the primary school...

conclusions lower estimations in the nsu method might be due to the transmission barrier, which means that students were not fully aware of the high-risk behaviors of their close friends. nonetheless, it seems that these risky behaviors were more or less common among iranian college students. results the estimated prevalence using the cm and nsu were alcohol consumption (16.8% vs. 8.1%), opium ...

genetic parameters were estimated in a base and closed population of iranian honeybee colonies. data were obtained on 500-700 iranian native population of honey­bee colonies (honeybee breeding project in central region of iran) subject to 9 successive generation of selection. these populations had been selected for honey production, swarming behavior, and defense behavior. heritability of honey...

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify affecting factors on students’ environmental protection behavior (SIPB). Methods: Statistical population of this research consisted of 1480 students in Alborz agricultural technical higher education centers. A stratified random sampling method was used to select 145 student applying Cochran's formula. The main tool to collect data was a resea...

Introduction Singapore has made remarkable achievements in child and maternal healthcare through signifi cant reduction made in childhood and perinatal morality rates. A number of “new morbidities” however, present emerging child healthcare challenges.1,2 Indeed, the Child Development Programme (CDP) under the Ministry of Health has observed about a 2-fold increase of new referrals from 2004 to...

The principal substrates for colonic bacterial growth are dietary carbohydrates which have escaped digestion in the upper gastrointestinal tract. These may be starches, dietary fibres, other non-absorbable sugars, sugar alcohols and oligosaccharides. In the large intestine, saccharolytic bacteria are able to metabolize carbohydrates for increased energy and growth with short-chain fatty acids (...