BACKGROUND Hordeum populations are becoming increasingly difficult to control in cropping fields. Two herbicide-resistant H. leporinum populations were identified during a random crop survey after herbicides were applied. The study aimed to determine the herbicide resistance profile of these H. leporinum biotypes to a range of herbicides used for their control. RESULTS Based on dose-response ...

the nosocomial infections, caused by multi-drug resistant bacteria, are the most important cause of mortality throughout the world. one important mechanism against beta-lactam antibiotics is the production of beta-lactamases. enterobacteriaceae and non-fermentative bacteria, like pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter baumannnii may produce these enzymes. currently, there is no vaccine to pre...

BACKGROUND Understanding and managing the evolutionary responses of pests and pathogens to control efforts is essential to human health and survival. Herbicide-resistant (HR) weeds undermine agricultural sustainability, productivity and profitability, yet the epidemiology of resistance evolution - particularly at landscape scales - is poorly understood. We studied glyphosate resistance in a maj...

A study was carried out over 2 years (2008/2009 and 2009/2010) in Greece, in order to evaluate the weed control using reduced rates of the herbicide mesosulfuron-methyl+iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium of four major weeds (Avena sterilis, Phalaris minor, Papaver rhoeas and Sinapis arvensis), grain yield and yield components of five wheat cultivars (Bob, Cosmodur, Meridiano, Quadrato and Simeto). The ...

The effect of the external pH in the range of 5.5 to 8.0 on the activity of three PSII herbicides (diuron, atrazine and dinoseb) was studied in isolated thylakoid membranes by means of prompt and delayed fluorescence induction kinetics. Well-expressed pH dependence was established for prompt fluorescence parameters (Fv/Fm, Fi/Fm) as well as for delayed fluorescence parameters (I1, I2). Two type...

patients and methods: all samples sent to the lab were routinely processed according to standard microbiological procedures and the cultures yielding growth of cons were selected for the study. all samples containing cons collected over a 2 year-period, were included irrespective of patients' age and gender. the antibiogram of the organisms was recorded according to clsi guidelines and the rati...

Background: The isolation of the TEM gene in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli and the antibiotic resistance pattern provides useful information on the epidemiology and factors involved in these infections. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate antibiotic resistance and abundance of a beta-lactamase gene (TEM) in P.aeruginosa and E.coli isolated from clinical specimens by the po...

A wild population of a plant species, especially a cross-pollinated species, can display considerable genetic variation. Genetic variability is evident in differential susceptibility to an herbicide because the population can show continuous phenotypic variation. Recent, recurrent selection studies have revealed that phenotypic variation in response to low herbicide rates is heritable and can r...

thirty isolates of bacillus anthracis recovered from animal carcasses, soil and human in different localities in iran between 2007 and 2008. they were tested by standard disc diffusion susceptibility method for their resistant/ susceptibility to different kinds of antibiotics. according to american national committee of clinical laboratory standards (nccls) guidelines all isolates were sensi...