The XRD, Setting time and Compressive strength results of the hydration of High Alumina Cement (HAC) with different concentrations of Cr, Cd, Pb, Zn and Mg as impurities are presented. The heavy metal salts are doped from 100 to 15000ppm in various steps. The hydration products are investigated both qualitatively and quantitatively by X-ray powder diffraction. The initial, final setting time an...

Certain lactic acid bacteria strains belonging to the genus Lactobacillus have been implicated in the accumulation of 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde (3-HPA) during anaerobic glycerol fermentation. In aqueous solution 3-HPA undergoes reversible dimerization and hydration, resulting in an equilibrium state between different derivatives. Wine quality may be compromised by the presence of 3-HPA due to th...

Terahertz (THz) spectroscopic techniques were employed to study the hydration shell formation around anti-estrogen receptor alpha (AER-a), an important biomarker in breast cancer diagnosis, and to detect the binding reaction between AER-a and estrogen receptor peptide alpha (ERP-a), in aqueous solutions. A remarkable nonlinear relation between THz absorption and AER-a concentration was demonstr...

Adverse reactions to contrast agents range from a mild inconvenience, such as itching associated with hives, to a life-threatening emergency. Renal toxicity is a well known adverse reaction associated with the use of intravenous contrast material. Other forms of adverse reactions include delayed allergic reactions, anaphylactic reactions, and local tissue damage. Previous allergic reactions to ...

Acetate, by condensation and decarboxylation reactions, is converted to isopentenyl pyrophosphate, which condenses to form Cm terpenol pyrophosphates. These latter compounds condense to yield the initial Ca carotenoid precursor which is presumably phytoene. By a series of dehydrogenation, cyclization, isomerization, and hydration reactions, various acyclic and alicyclic carotenoids are formed. ...

Over the past decade, the most significant, conceptual advances in the field of fluorination were enabled most prominently by organo- and transition-metal catalysis. The most challenging transformation remains the formation of the parent C-F bond, primarily as a consequence of the high hydration energy of fluoride, strong metal-fluorine bonds, and highly polarized bonds to fluorine. Most fluori...

The changes of protein expression that are monitored in proteomic experiments are a type of biological transformation that also involves changes in chemical composition. Accompanying the myriad molecular-level interactions that underlie any proteomic transformation, there is an overall thermodynamic potential that is sensitive to microenvironmental conditions, including local oxidation and hydr...