Drowning is a cause of accidental mortality. However, survival may result in acute lung injury. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of 3,5,4'-tri-O-acetylresveratrol (AC-Res) on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by seawater inhalation in rats. ALI models were established by the tracheal instillation of artificial seawater with or without 50 mg/kg AC-Res pretreatment for 7 day...

Methylarginines inhibit nitric oxide synthases (NOS). Cellular concentrations of methylarginines are determined in part by the activity of dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH; EC 3.5.3. 18). We have cloned human DDAH and identified and expressed a second novel DDAH isoform (DDAH I and II respectively). DDAH I predominates in tissues that express neuronal NOS. DDAH II predominates in t...

Wistar Furth (WF) rats do not develop renal injury after severe reduction of renal mass. Because clinical and animal studies suggested that nitric oxide (NO) deficiency occurs and may contribute to chronic renal disease (CRD), the status of the NO system in WF versus Sprague Dawley (SD) rats was examined with the 5/6 renal ablation/infarction (A/I) model of CRD. Eleven weeks after A/I, SD rats ...

We have examined cytokine regulation of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). 24-h treatment with IFN-'y (200 U/ml) plus TNF (200 U/ml) or IL-1,8 (5 U /ml) increased NOS activity in HUVEC lysates, measured as conversion of I '4CIL-arginine to [ '4Cj L-citrulline. Essentially, all NOS activity in these cells was calcium dependent and membrane associated. ...

BACKGROUND NO is a major regulator of cardiovascular physiology that reduces vascular and cardiac contractility. Accumulating evidence indicates that endogenous inhibitors may regulate NOS. The NOS inhibitors asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and N-monomethylarginine are metabolized by the enzyme dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH). This study was designed to determine if increased ...

Protection against puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) induced chronic renal disease in the Wistar Furth rat. Abstract: The Wistar Furth (WF) rat is protected against chronic renal disease (CRD) following 5/6 th ablation/infarction (A/I) vs the Sprague Dawley (SD) and protection was associated with preserved renal NO production. This study examined CRD induced with repeated administration of puromy...

Hirschfield, Wulf, Melanie R. Moody, William E. O’Brien, Anthony R. Gregg, Robert M. Bryan, Jr., and Michael B. Reid. Nitric oxide release and contractile properties of skeletal muscles from mice deficient in type III NOS. Am. J. Physiol. Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 278: R95–R100, 2000.—Skeletal muscle constitutively expresses both the type I (neuronal) and type III (endothelial) isof...

Histochemical activity and immunoreactivity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS, EC 1.14.13.39) have been recently demonstrated in human lung epithelium. However, the molecular nature of NOS and the regulation and function of the enzyme(s) in the airway is not known. A549 cells (human alveolar type II epithelium-like), BEAS 2B cells (transformed human bronchial epithelial cells), and primary cultures...

Besides oxidizing L-arginine, neuronal NO synthase (NOS) NADPH-dependently reduces various electron acceptors, including cytochrome c and tetrazolium salts. The latter NADPH diaphorase reaction is used as a NOS-specific histochemical stain. Both reductase activities have been utilized to analyse electron transfer mechanisms within NOS. Basal L-arginine turnover by homodimeric NOS is enhanced by...

Thenitricoxidesynthases (NOS)area familyof relatedenzymeswhich regulate the production of NO, a free radical gas Implicated in a wide variety of biological processes.Vasodilatlon and increased tumor blood flow, increasedvascularpermeability,modulationof host tumoricidal activity, and free radical injury to tumor cells and adjacent normal tissues are pathophyslological features of malignant tumo...