for the rural population, an improvement in the income of the agriculture and allied sectors is essential for improving the welfare, rural economic prosperity, and the overall economic development. the objective of this study was to determine the optimal pattern in various activities of forest fringe villagers of hezarjarib area in 2013 for management of resources and rural development planning...

in general sense, development means improving material and spiritual levels of human society and creating the proper conditions of a healthy life for all people of a society. according to this, development includes cultural, political, social and economic aspects which incorporates qualitative and quantitative changes and yet it can be considered a relative concept from both internal and extern...

a survey was made to study the rational given by women living in rural area of west tehran for using or not using family planning measures (1994). the purposes of this study were to investigate the reasons for using or not using family planning measures and it's relation to personal characteristics of the subjects. the samples were grouped in smaller groups: - those using effective family ...

In the last fifty years or so, since Yogācāra texts have been available to western academics, there has been a debate as to how Yogācāra Buddhism should be interpreted. This article seeks to establish that Yogācāra Buddhism is most properly interpreted as an idealist school of Buddhist thought. Specifically, it challenges the arguments that have been put forth in recent years that suggest a phe...

introduction the review of roles and functions of local management show that rural managers have played a significant role and been responsible on the physical development of villages over the time. despite legal supports for playing a role in local management and any intervention for rural development and the physical expansion of rural settlements, such a role and its impacts on rural develop...

1. introduction different research findings depict that rural areas of country are underdeveloped in spite of many efforts that have been done concerning rural development. various scientific ideas have been provided by researchers concerning rural underdevelopment conditions. in one of the approaches concerning country underdevelopment, internal factors have been introduced as original factors...

Since the publication of the European Spatial Development Perspective (ESDP), a growing body of literature has emerged related to European spatial planning. Much of this literature is focused on the influence of the ESDP on city regions and urban policy in individual member states. Much less attention has been paid thus far to the influence of the ESDP on the formulation of spatial strategies a...

The gathering of rural type in Guilan plains is a kind of planning for physical development of rural settlements that aims at changing dwellers' lifestyle from a dispersed to a semi-dispersed state. This change will reduce the problems and difficulties of villages. In addition, it is an optimal way to exploit the resources and facilities for making a desirable spatial organization for villagers...