The molecular basis of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is unknown. To assess humoral immunity in CVID, we selected 24 patients with early or late onset of disease. X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA), X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome (XHIM), and non-XHIM were excluded based on clinical phenotype, assessment of the immune response, presence of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) in monocytes or plat...

seen in hypogammaglobulinemic patients. Group mean IgD concentrations were also depressed in patients with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome and in those with selective IgA deficiency; IgE concentrations were depressed in patients with X-linked immunodeficiency with hyperIgM and in those with ataxia telangiectasia. IgD and IgE were both significantly elevated in patients with extreme hyperimmunoglobulin...

Objective: Previous research has shown that attentional bias towards game-related stimuli is a significant factor in the etiology, maintenance and severity of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD). Therefore, interventions targeting attentional bias towards game-related stimuli, can potentially ameliorate this disorder. The aim of the present research was to examine the effectiveness of online Attenti...

During antigen-induced immune responses, human B cells switch isotype from immunoglobulin M (IgM)-IgD to IgG1-4, IgA1-2, or IgE. In the human, no cytokines have yet been demonstrated to act as switch factors for IgG1, IgG2, and IgG3. In this paper, we report that in response to interleukin 10 (IL-10), anti-CD40 activated tonsillar surface IgD+ (sIgD+) B cells are induced to secrete large amount...

Tear immunoglobulin concentrations have been measured in 100 healthy people and 62 patients in different stages of trachoma. In healthy people the average IgA level was 27f8 mg/100 ml. There was no significant difference in the IgA level in various age groups and between the sexes. IgG was detected in 92 samples, and it was less than 1 mg/100 ml. IgM in tears was detected in only one sample. Ig...

A ranavirus-induced thymus cDNA library was constructed from Chinese giant salamander, the largest extant amphibian species. Among the 137 putative immune-related genes derived from this library, these molecules received particular focus: immunoglobulin heavy chains (IgM, IgD, and IgY), IFN-inducible protein 6 (IFI6), and T cell receptor beta chain (TCRβ). Several unusual features were uncovere...

Tear immunoglobulin concentrations have been measured in 100 healthy people and 62 patients in different stages of trachoma. In healthy people the average IgA level was 27-8 mg/100 ml. There was no significant difference in the IgA level in various age groups and between the sexes. IgG was detected in 92 samples, and it was less than 1 mg/100 ml. IgM in tears was detected in only one sample. Ig...

The hyperimmunoglobulinemia D syndrome (HIDS) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by recurrent febrile attacks with abdominal, articular, and skin manifestations. Apart from elevated immunoglobulin D (IgD) levels (>100 IU/ml), there are high IgA levels in the majority of cases. Mutations in the gene encoding mevalonate kinase constitute the molecular defect in HIDS. The cause of el...