In data exchange, one is typically given a source database instance and a mapping between a source schema and a target schema. The goal then is to materialize a target database instance that corresponds to the source instance and the mapping. In this setting source data is explicitly given, that is, every fact that is true in it is explicitly mentioned in the source database instance. Knowledge...

We examine the interactions of knowledge and awareness in dynamic epistemic logic. Implicit knowledge describes the things that an agent could infer from what is known, if the agent were aware of the necessary concepts. Reasoning techniques that are robust to incomplete awareness are important when considering interactions of automated agents in complex dynamic environments, such as the semanti...

rules Associations Conscious knowledge Unconscious knowledge Where is implicit learning? 49 ➊ The role of consciousness:  Is cognition without consciousness possible? In what sense? ➋ Knowledge representation:  How is abstract knowledge represented? Two central issues Abstract rules Associations Conscious knowledge explicit learning Unconscious knowledgerules Associations Conscious knowledge ...

The objective of the present study was to evaluate patterns of implicit processing in a task where the acquisition of explicit and implicit knowledge occurs simultaneously. The number reduction task (NRT) was used as having two levels of organization, overt and covert, where the covert level of processing is associated with implicit associative and implicit procedural learning. One aim was to c...

knowledge society as a space originated from promotion of the (explicit/implicit) social knowledge, and information society as a space to have access to information are two societies complete each other. libraries (in a vast meaning), because of their efforts to collect and store the produced knowledge, contribute in promoting the knowledge society; and as spaces make the information access abl...

Following an extensive overview of the subject, this study explores the relationships between secondlanguage (L2) explicit/implicit knowledge sources, embedded in the declarative/procedural memory systems, and L2 working memory (WM) capacity. It further examines the relationships between L2 reading comprehension and L2 WM capacity as well as those between L2 reading comprehension and L2 explici...

fundamental in psychology. What is knowledge about oneself made of and where does it come from? The aim of this chapter is to discuss recent progress in infancy research that sheds a new light on these questions. The issue of whether self knowledge fi nds its root in language development is fi rst considered. On the basis of recent empirical evidence, I will then assert that self knowledge does...