The need for compatibility between degrees of freedom of various elements is a major problem encountered in practice during the modeling of complex structures; the problem is generally solved by an additional rotational degree of freedom [1-3]. This present paper investigates possible improvements to the performances of strain based cylindrical shell finite element [4] by introducing an additio...

A three-degree-of-freedom actuator was implemented using shape memory metals (SMA) for two-dimensional movement. In its design, a CAD software used, analyzing the movements made by ball joint, obtaining conical body with circular base. For movement, one-way SMA spring arrangement as opposed to two-way one displacement in each of XY axes, and rotation means bearing coupled axis that allows direc...

This paper describes an algorithm to estimate the position and orientation (pose) of artificial knee implants from X-ray fluoroscopy images using computer vision. The resulting information is used to determine the kinematics of bone motion in implanted knees. This determination can be used to support the development of improved prosthetic knee implants, which currently have a limited life span ...

Visual Servoing is generally contained of control and feature tracking. Study of previous methods shows that no attempt has been made to optimize these two parts together. In kernel based visual servoing method, the main objective is to combine and optimize these two parts together and to make an entire control loop. This main target is accomplished by using Lyapanov theory. A Lyapanov candidat...

Concerted rotations of a self-focused varied line-space diffraction grating about its groove axis and surface normal define a new geometric class of monochromator. Defocusing is canceled, while the scanned wavelength is reinforced at fixed conjugate distances and horizontal deviation angle. This enables high spectral resolution over a wide band, and is of particular advantage at grazing reflect...

A new low order facet type triangular shell finite element is presented. The element is combined from the Arnold-Falk plate bending element and the membrane element based on the noncorming element of Crouzeix-Raviart with conforming drilling rotation. Formulation of the membrane element is based on the variational principle of Hughes and Brezzi employing independent rotation field. Interpolatio...

In joints with 3 degrees of freedom, such as the shoulder joint, the association of different movements results in changes in the behavior of the moment arm of the muscles. The capacity of torque production for the same movement can be changed when movements take place in a different plane. The objective of this study is to quantify differences between torque production and resultant force esti...