Urbanization brings biophysical changes in the composition of the landscape. Such change has an impact on the thermal environment locally. The urban mosaic of land use and land cover is thus characteristically composed of local climate zones. The spatial variation in the land surface temperature across specific zone is studied for Bhopal city. The objective of the study was to understand how th...

The objective of this article is to present the established components with regard to the visual quality and legibility of Isfahan city according to Lynch’s theory. Data was gathered in Isfahan mainly by way of observation and interviews. Additional information was obtained from historical data and urban documents. In the opinion of the citizens, the Zayandehrood River, as a natural urban compo...

In Sub-Saharan Africa rapid urban growth combined with rising poverty is creating diverse urban environments, the nature of which are not adequately captured by a simple urban-rural dichotomy. This paper proposes an alternative classification scheme for urban mapping based on a gradient approach for the southern portion of the West African country of Ghana. Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus...

This research focuses on the potential of spatial metrics for describing distinct types of urban morphology at block level. Urban blocks typically consist of built-up and non built-up areas, with a specific composition and configuration. To characterize the twodimensional structure of urban blocks, next to traditional, landscape ecological metrics, two alternative methods are proposed, describi...

nowadays, a special attention is given to the role of urban planning and the built environment and their impacts on neighborhood walkability and residents’ walking behavior. a large number of studies have been conducted about this issue in developed countries, but little has been done in this regard in the context of a developing country such as iran. these researches emphasized the strong rela...

1. Introduction Logic Built-In Self-Test (BIST) schemes based on STUMPS structure use on-chip circuitry to generate test stimuli and analyze test responses, with little or no help from an ATE. The STUMPS (Self-Test Using a MISR and Parallel Shift register sequence generator) structure applies pseudo-random patterns generated by a PRPG (Pseudo-Random Pattern Generator) to a full-scan circuit in ...

Built-in self-test (BIST) is an attractive approach to detect delay faults because of its inherent support for at-speed test. Deterministic logic BIST (DLBIST) is a technique that has been successfully applied to stuck-at fault testing. As delay faults have lower random pattern testability than stuck-at faults, the need for DLBIST schemes has increased. However, an extension to delay fault test...

This paper deals with Hybrid multisite testing of VLSI chips by utilizing automatic test equipment (ATE) in connection with built-in self-test (BIST). The performance of a multisite testing process is analyzed using device-under-test (DUT) parameters (such as yield and average number of faults per DUT) as well as test process features (such as number of channels, coverage and touchdown time for...

We present the first delay-fault testing approach for Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), applicable for on-line testing as well as for off-line manufacturing and system-level testing. Our approach is based on Built-In Self-Test (BIST), it is comprehensive, and does not require expensive external test equipment (ATE). We have successfully implemented this BIST approach for delay-fault testi...