introduction: the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different doses of retinoic acid on resumption of meiosis, in vitro maturation of oocytes and resulting embryo development in mice. materials and methods: germinal vesicle of nmri female mouse (6-8 weeks old) oocytes were collected from ovaries and cultured in maturation medium mem-α contained: 100 mliu/ml rfsh + 7.5 iu/ml hc...

background: mammalian oocytes are exposed to a mixture of many different growth factors and cytokines which provides an optimized microenvironment for oocyte maturation. in the lack of this natural microenvironment in vitro the quality of oocyte and embryos appears to be suboptimal. objective: this study was undertaken to investigate the effects of egf and lif on in vitro maturation fertilizati...

Background: Oocyte in vitro maturation success rate is still low in compareision to oocyte in vivo maturation. Thus prediction and improvement of oocyte competency are two critical issues in assisted reproductive technology. New insights into oocyte-cumulus cell regulatory loop may assist our optimization of in vitro maturation technique. Maturation and developmental competency of cumulus oocyt...

background: in general, 15% of oocytes collected in art cycles are immature. these oocytes may be cryopreserved further for use in in-vitro maturation (ivm) program. objective: the aim of this study was to determine maturation capacity, morphometric parameters and morphology of human immature oocytes in both fresh ivm (fivm) and vitrified-ivm (vivm) oocytes. materials and methods: 93 women who ...

background: ammonium is produced in culture medium due to amino acids degradation and has adverse effect on in vitro culture of embryo. in the current study, the purpose was to evaluate the effects of ammuniom chloride (ac) on in vitro oocyte maturation rate and early embryo development in the sheep and its effect on the expression of bcl-2. methods: in vitro maturation (ivm) was performed in t...

Background: Since the freezing method was offered, much effort has been done to improve the freezing conditions in different studies and the impact of different freezing methods and mediums on oocyte, embryo and ovarian tissues has been examined. Based on studies, minerals play an important role in oocyte maturation and subsequent embryo development. Vanadium is one of the minerals, which is ve...