We analyze the impact of trade-induced income shocks on the size of local government, and the provision of public services. Areas in the US with declining labor demand and incomes due to increasing import competition from China experience relative declines in housing prices and business activity. Since local governments are disproportionately funded through property and sales taxation, declinin...

In this paper we present new quantitative results on the linkages between absolute income levels, relative incomes, income inequality, and attitudes towards redistribution in a large sample of countries over the past 30 years. While we find that absolute income levels have a significant but very small effect on well-being, we find that relative incomes matter much more. In addition, we find tha...

providing of food products for increasing population, enhancing food security, increasing of production and foreign incomes are among the major program purposes of each country and monetary policies are one of the methods that immediately affected on food price and on major agriculture variables. time series analysis was used for studying the impacts of monetary policies effect on food price in...

We exploit an exhaustive administrative dataset that includes the individual tax returns of all households in the top percentile of the income distribution in Germany to pin down the effective income taxation of households with very high incomes. Taking tax base erosion into account, we find that the top percentile of the income distribution pays an effective average tax rate of 30.5 percent an...

The poverty rate among children is higher today than it was in the late 1960s, a few years after the War on Poverty was launched. In 1969, 13.8 percent of all children lived in families with incomes below the poverty line; in 1988, 19.7 percent did. Whereas most studies of child poverty focus on the negative effects of deteriorating economic circumstances and the increasing percentage of childr...

Consumers' choices among foods today are influenced by a wider variety of economic and non-economic factors than ever before. These factors must be understood and forecast by marketers who, facing increasing competition in all markets, must prepare for, not simply react to, inevitable marketplace change. Economists typically have relied on four types of variables to predict food demand: consume...

We prove a formula for the number of permutations in Sn such that their first n− k entries are increasing and their longest increasing subsequence has length n− k. This formula first appeared as a consequence of character polynomial calculations in recent work of Adriano Garsia and Alain Goupil. We give two ‘elementary’ bijective proofs of this result and of its q-analogue, one proof using the ...

Let Ln be the length of the longest increasing subsequence of a random permutation of the numbers 1, . . . , n, for the uniform distribution on the set of permutations. Hammersley’s interacting particle process, implicit in Hammersley (1972), has been used in Aldous and Diaconis (1995) to provide a “soft” hydrodynamical argument for proving that limn→∞ ELn/ √ n = 2. We show in this note that th...

It is proved in [BOO], [J2] and [Ok1] that the joint distribution of suitably scaled rows of a partition with respect to the Plancherel measure of the symmetric group converges to the corresponding distribution of eigenvalues of a Hermitian matrix from the Gaussian Unitary Ensemble. We introduce a new measure on strict partitions, which is analogous to the Plancherel measure, and prove that the...