Rising global temperatures are causing increases in the frequency and severity of extreme climatic events, such as floods, droughts, and heat waves. We analyze changes in summer temperatures, the frequency, severity, and duration of heat waves, and heat-related mortality in India between 1960 and 2009 using data from the India Meteorological Department. Mean temperatures across India have risen...

Climate change is occurring in the Southeastern United States, and one manifestation is changes in frequency and intensity of extreme events. A vulnerability assessment is performed in the state of Georgia (United States) at the county level from 1975 to 2012 in decadal increments. Climate change vulnerability is typically measured as a function of exposure to physical phenomena (e.g., droughts...

Adapting coffee production to climate change is a significant challenge requiring detailed understanding of local climatic patterns and the consequences, both real perceived, for production. To this end, we examined changes in precipitation at Mt. Kilimanjaro over last two decades conducted twelve focus group discussions obtain farmers’ perceptions on change, impact extreme weather events poten...

[i] Ecosystems driven by hydro-climatic fluctuations at different time scales can be interpreted as non-equilibrium dynamical systems. Here we explore the propagation of daily and interannual rainfall fluctuations through the soilplant system using the theory of superstatistics. With the help of simplified stochastic models of rainfall, we show how interactions of daily and interannual rainfall...

Further copies of this report and the accompanying summary report are available from: iii Preface Preface There are three interrelated phenomena wh i c h need to be identified in reviewing the potential impacts of climate change on gardens. The first is climate change itself. The climatic changes expected in the UK are described in the report Climate Change Scenarios for the United Kingdom: The...

Water in the XXI century has become the primary factor for sustainable development, eradication of poverty and reversal of ecosystem degradation. Increasing water demand for agriculture and urbanisation, combined with pollution, eutrophication and amplification of the stochastic character of climatic processes, increases water limitations for ecosystems and societies. The transdisciplinary scie...