using the facts controllers, such as static synchronous compensator (statcom), as it provides continuous reactive power, in the grid including wind turbine (wt) equipped with doubly fed induction generator, for improving voltage profile (under normal circumstances) and providing a transition ability from inductor generator transition state has been proposed. in this paper, in order to control t...

In photosynthesis, photosystem II evolves oxygen from water by the accumulation of photooxidizing equivalents at the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC). The OEC is a Mn4CaO5 cluster, and its sequentially oxidized states are termed the Sn states. The dark-stable state is S1, and oxygen is released during the transition from S3 to S0. In this study, a laser flash induces the S1 to S2 transition, which...

Current autonomous robots that are highly reactive are not significantly intelligent and the robots that are significantly intelligent are not highly reactive. The previous research has concentrated on modifications to internal computational structures of robots, ignoring the modifications to external environments (which can preserve both intelligence and reactivity). This work is the first to ...

Laser-induced fluorescence excitation and dispersed fluorescence spectra of the first nlr* transition of jet-cooled 4and Smethylpyrimidine (4-mp and 5-mp) have been recorded and analyzed. In 5-mp, methyl substitution preserves many of the spectroscopic signatures of the unsubstituted pyrimidine molecule. Dispersed fluorescence spectra are used to assign most of the major features in the first 1...

Small, single-domain proteins typically fold via a compact transition-state ensemble in a process well fitted by a simple, two-state model. To characterize the rate-limiting conformational changes that underlie two-state folding, we have investigated experimentally the effects of changing solvent viscosity on the refolding of the IgG binding domain of protein L. In conjunction with numerical si...

In this paper, the min-time optimal control problem is mainly investigated in the linear time invariant (LTI) continuous-time control system with a constrained input. A high order dynamical LTI system is firstly considered for this purpose. Then the Pontryagin principle and some necessary optimality conditions have been simultaneously used to solve the optimal control problem. These optimality ...

2014 The 0.839 eV luminescence line in GaAs : Cr is generally interpreted as an internal transition in Cr2+ ion (5E-5T2) on gallium site. This interpretation does not agree with E.P.R. and far-infrared absorption results. White has proposed an interpretation as an excitonic recombination on an isoelectronic deep centre. We propose an alternative explanation in which the 0.839 eV line would be a...