Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a decline in cognitive performance after a surgery with anaesthesia. The exact reasons of surgery and/or anaesthesia resulting in POCD are unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of different concentration and duration time of isoflurane anaesthesia on cognitive performance and cellular mechanisms involved in learning and memory...

In most wheat growing moderate regions and especially in the north of Iran climate, is affected grain filling by several physical and abiotic stresses. In this region, grain filling often occurs when temperatures are increasing and moisture supply is decreasing. The experiment was designed in RCBD with split plot arrangements with four replications. Four irrigation treatments included (I0) no i...

Peptides from the intracellular regions of G protein-coupled receptors are useful probes of receptor-G protein coupling mechanisms. As a first step toward the genetic delivery of such "G protein inhibitors," we describe inhibition of angiotensin II (AII) receptor responses by expressed fragments of the second and third intracellular loops of the AT1a receptor (AT1a/i2 and AT1a/i3). Transient tr...

G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are important therapeutic targets for many areas of drug research and development. Although chimeric Galpha16 proteins are valuable tools for detecting the activation of Galpha(i/o)-coupled receptors, the details of the activation process remain unclear. The authors introduce a series of chimeras that combine both Galpha16 and Galpha(i/o) (Galpha(16/o), Galph...

A comprehensive study on both the eco-physiological and productive response of potatoes to dynamic deficit irrigation is lacking. Therefore, aim was study, over two growing seasons potato cultivars—Arinda Timate, effects five regimes (I0–dry control, I1—irrigated I2—supply 100% maximum evapotranspiration—ETm from tuber initiation up 50% growth 0% ETm end growth, I3—supply I4—supply 75% growth) ...

Two subtypes of beta-adrenoceptors, beta 1 and beta 2, mediate cardiac catecholamine effects. These two types differ qualitatively, e.g., regarding G protein coupling and calcium channel stimulation. Transgenic mice overexpressing human beta 2-adrenoceptors survive high-expression levels, unlike mice overexpressing beta 1-adrenoceptors. We examined the role of inhibitory Gi proteins, known to b...

The articles [18], [10], [11], [12], [22], [5], [14], [3], [6], [20], [7], [8], [9], [4], [19], [1], [2], [23], [24], [17], [16], [13], [21], and [15] provide the terminology and notation for this paper. For simplicity, we use the following convention: a, b are integer locations, f is a finite sequence location, i1, i2, i3 are instruction-locations of SCMFSA, T is an instruction type of SCMFSA,...

Water stress may affect the growth, physiology, morphology, biochemistry, and productivity of Nigella sativa (black cumin), a medicinal aromatic plant. Measuring these parameters under various irrigation regimes could provide useful information for successful genotype selection breeding. Therefore, agronomically significant features were evaluated in ten black cumin genotypes (Afghanistan, Paki...