Background: The fair wage to specialist physicians and nurses can enhance their job motivation, quality of work, job satisfaction level, and improve the delivery of services to patients. The present study aimed to compare the proportion of changes in earnings of specialist physicians and nurses before and after implementing the Iran’s New Tariffs Book and compare their average income with...

Opium addiction and cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) are endemic in different parts of Iran, particularly in Bam, where a massive earthquake occurred. This study was designed to compare the incidence rate and severity of CL cases among opium addicted and non-addicted individuals in south-eastern Iran. This study was carried out as a prospective cohort by active house-to-house visits of 1,481 habita...

Inferring the history of isolation and gene flow during species differentiation can inform us on the processes underlying their formation. Following their recent expansion in Europe, two subspecies of the house mouse (Mus musculus domesticus and Mus musculus musculus) have formed a hybrid zone maintained by hybrid incompatibilities and possibly behavioural reinforcement, offering a good model o...

WASHINGTON President Reagan contributed to a m as­ sive deception of Congress and the public in the Iran-Contra af­ fair and bears responsibility for thw arting the law by allow­ ing zealots to seize policy con­ trol, congressional inves­ tigators concluded Wednesday. “ These committees found no direct evidence suggesting that the president was a knowing participant in the effort to deceive Con...

In the book review by Eric P. Wenaas published in June 2021 issue of IEEE Technology and Society Magazine [1] , name author book was misspelled title body article. The is Edmund Morris. Also, publisher Random House...

The after-treatment of operation cases is a matter of considerable importance, and students have some difficulty in learning this part of the treatment practically as they often do not see the case again until some hours after the patient has left the table, and it is only the fortunate few who become House Surgeons that have greater opportunities of acquiring this particular branch of knowledg...

The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region and flanking tRNAs were sequenced from 76 mice collected at 60 localities extending from Egypt through Turkey, Yemen, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Nepal to eastern Asia. Segments of the Y chromosome and of a processed p53 pseudogene (Psip53) were amplified from many of these mice and from others collected elsewhere in Eurasia and North Africa. Th...