Urokinase degrades basement proteins and is hypothesized to play a role in cancer progression. We investigated the hypothesis of C/T polymorphism in the 3’-untranslated region (3’-UTR) of the urokinase gene being associated with the development of bladder cancer. Such an association seems unlikely, since the genotype distributions in 114 bladder cancer patients did not differ from those of 105 ...

Eukaryotic mRNAs are monocistronic, and therefore mechanisms exist that coordinate the synthesis of multiprotein complexes in order to obtain proper stoichiometry at the appropriate intracellular locations. RNA-binding proteins containing low-complexity sequences are prone to generate liquid droplets via liquid-liquid phase separation, and in this way create cytoplasmic assemblages of functiona...

Let (T1, T2, . . . , Tc) be a fixed c-tuple of sets of graphs (i.e. each Ti is a set of graphs). Let R(c, n, (T1, T2, . . . , Tc)) denote the set of all n-tuples, (a1, a2, . . . , an), such that every c-coloring of the edges of the complete multipartite graph, Ka1,a2,...,an , forces a monochromatic subgraph of color i from the set Ti (for at least one i). If N denotes the set of non-negative in...

In this paper we present a simple and new algorithm that tracks the contour of several homogenous regions in a sequence of images. The method exploits the fact that, when i.e. observing a moving object (exposing a homogenous region), the regions in two consecutive frames often overlap. We show that the method is valuable for the RoboCup domain: It allows to track the green playing field and the...

 The European Medicines Agency has cleared the world' s first malaria vaccine, prior to prior to its approval for use in Africa. The vaccine (Mosquirix) was developed by Glaxo-SmithKline, who have pledged not to profit from the vaccine. It is designed to target infection in children in Africa, although it does not appear to be very effective in protecting young babies – children aged 5–17 mon...

In many geographical applications there is a need to model spatial phenomena not simply by sharp objects but rather through indeterminate or vague concepts. To support such applications we present a model of vague regions which covers and extends previous approaches. The formal framework is based on a general exact model of spatial data types. On the one hand, this simplifies the definition of ...

Previous findings suggest that 17beta-estradiol (estradiol) has a suppressive effect on TNF-alpha, but the mechanism by which estradiol regulates TNF-alpha expression in primary human macrophages is unknown. In this article, we demonstrate that pretreatment of human macrophages with estradiol attenuates LPS-induced TNF-alpha expression through the suppression of NF-kappaB activation. Furthermor...

In this issue of Cell, Prasanth et al. (2005) provide evidence that an inosine-containing RNA that is normally retained in the nucleus is cleaved within its 3' untranslated region following cellular stress. It is then transported to the cytoplasm and translated into protein. These findings suggest that the nucleus may store RNAs destined for translation that then can be released, as needed, in ...