with regard to the impossibility of preparing learners for each situation that they might encounter in their life, it is more logical to teach them how to cope with unexpected challenges. helping learners ‘learn how to help themselves’ can be facilitated by means of tasks and activities in the classroom context. this paper presents some of the find- ings of a study on iranian young learners bet...

-Rate control and power control are two important issues in cognitive radio networks. In this paper, three rate control strategies are first introduced, namely Dirty Paper Coding (DPC) strategy, Noise strategy, and Opportunistic Interference Cancellation (OIC) strategy. The achievable rates of the three strategies are also compared. Then, optimal power control algorithms are proposed, each corr...

Drawing on the insight from metacognition theory, second language researchers conceptualize strategic knowledge and strategic regulation as the two dimensions of strategic competence in language performance. In this regard, the present study aimed at determining whether strategic knowledge and strategic regulation are related to listening performance. The study also attempted to specify how str...