one of the most important policies concerning the adjustment of foreign trade is to allocate foreign currency by establishing an exchange control system. the mechanism of this would be so that the central bank operates or supervises all transactions concerning foreign exchange. however, the controlling system, like all other international systems of payment, operates with some adjustments and i...

While most research on hedging has focused on foreign currency exposures, analysis of jet fuel price exposure in the airline industry and the effects of both financial and operational hedging on this exposure provides valuable insights into risk management. Exposure and hedging in the airline industry is relatively straightforward compared to foreign exchange hedging by multinationals. We inves...

The objective of this paper is to simultaneously survey the foreign exchange risk practices of large UK, USA and Asia Pacific multinational companies (MNCs). It investigated whether foreign exchange risk management practices vary internationally, including for the first time a large sample Asia Pacific MNCs. From 179 (30%) usable responses it is shown that there are statistically significant re...