Guidance and control of aircraft in the landing phase imposes extra pilot work loads, hence application of automatic landing control systems is of great importance. In this study automatic landing control systems are introduced and an optimal landing control system is designed. The control system performance criteria are based on minimum control effort. The designed system is simulated for a tr...

Formal specifications are widely used in the development of safety critical systems, as the Sensor Voting Module of the Landing Gear System. However, the conformance relationship between the formal specification and the concrete implementation must be checked. In this paper, we show a technique to formally link a Java class with its Abstract State Machine formal specification, and two approache...

negara. Pergerakan seaplane selama proses keberangkatan dan kedatangan menggunakan bandar udara perairan. Fase penerbangan meliputi phase standing taxiing, approach landing, en route take off. Setiap aktivitas operasi tidak lepas dari resiko. Oleh karena itu, identifikasi awal resiko kecelakaan pada di perairan perlu dilakukan. Hal ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan faktor yang mempegaruhi keamana...

Consider the route you took when you drove to work today. Are you going to take a significantly different route tomorrow? How comfortable would you be flying on a plane for which all pre-flight safety evaluations were based solely on the pilot’s intuition or experience? Perhaps the pilot doesn’t feel that the fuel level needs to be checked. Or the landing gear. Or the engines. Would you board t...

CONTEXT Researchers have suggested that large landing forces, excessive quadriceps activity, and an erect posture during landing are risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. The influence of knee kinematics on these risk factors has been investigated extensively, but trunk positioning has received little attention. OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of trunk flexion on landing...

There is a need to design new, lighter aircraft structures, which has direct impact on the safety and costs of maintenance. One basic parts an ites landing gear, whose main functions are enable taxiing, safe landing, take-off, assist remainder ground operations. Landing gear failures usually related metallurgy, processing, environment, design, causes overload. These conditions that can be preve...

In this paper, we present an implementation of the “Semi Network-Form Game” framework to predict pilot behavior in a merging and landing scenario. In this scenario, two aircraft are approaching to a freeze horizon with approximately equal distance when they become aware of each other via an ADS-B communication link that will be available in NextGen airspace. Both pilots want to gain advantage o...

Background and Aims: The accurate mechanisms of ankle instability cannot be assessed in the absence of reliable knowledge about ground reaction force (GRF) variables. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the test-retest reliability of GRF variables during forward and lateral jump-landing in volleyball players with functional ankle instability (FAI). Methods: Eighteen professional volle...

abstract background and aim: lack of balance in pattern and activity of quadriceps and hamstring muscles increases the risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury (acl). the purpose of the present study was to investigate the changes in pattern and activity of vastus medialis and semitendinosusmuscles in landing from different heights and to understand if these changes will increase the risk of a...