Analog circuits for implementing soft decoding algorithms have been proposed and demonstrated by several researchers [1]. Optimization and verification of analog circuits remain difficult because the effects of non-ideal circuit behavior can be difficult or impossible to analyze. Importance sampling permits evaluation of analog designs using precise physical models in SPICE simulations. SPICE p...

In classification tasks, imbalance data causes the inadequate predictive performance of a tiny minority class because the decision boundary determined by trivial classifiers tends to be biased toward a huge majority class. For handling the class imbalance problem, overand undersampling are applied at the data level. Over-sampling duplicates or synthesizes instances into a minority class. Althou...

The spectral characteristics of multimedia signals typically vary with time. Preferably, the sampling density of them would comply with instantaneous bandwidth of signal. The paper discusses the level-crossing sampling principle, which provides such capability for analog-to-digital conversion. As the captured samples are spaced non-uniformly, the appropriate digital signal processing is require...

In the past, several attempts have been made to deal with the state space explosion problem by equipping a depth-first search (DFS) algorithm with a state cache, or by avoiding collision detection, thereby keeping the state hash table at a fixed size. Most of these attempts are tailored specifically for DFS, and are often not guaranteed to terminate and/or to exhaustively visit all the states. ...

Precision vertex reconstruction at the ILC requires a detector capable of exquisite spatial resolution while withstanding significant low momentum charged particle fluxes and modest radiation damage. Lessons can be learned from the development of an ultra-thin CMOS pixel detector device for the high-occupancy environment of a Super B-Factory. The Continuous Acquisition Pixel (CAP) detector is b...

A two-stage sampling approach is proposed for estimation of herd-level prevalence. Herd-level test characteristics are constructed based on individual animal test characteristics, herd size, sample size and within-herd level prevalences. The distribution of within herd prevalence is modeled using intracluster correlation coefficient. A herd-level sample size formula was developed which incorpor...

The class imbalanced problem occurs in various disciplines when one of target classes has a tiny number of instances comparing to other classes. A typical classifier normally ignores or neglects to detect a minority class due to the small number of class instances. SMOTE is one of over-sampling techniques that remedies this situation. It generates minority instances within the overlapping regio...

The precision of parameters estimation are determined by the sample size and the sampling design used in a study. Due to such practical constraints as the budget and manpower, most large-scale educational studies would not adopt the simple random sampling design. TIMSS 2007 used a two-stage stratified cluster sampling design. In the first stage, about 150 schools were selected according to some...