‎‎Let $R$ be a commutative ring with identity and let $M$ be an $R$-module‎. ‎We define the primary spectrum of $M$‎, ‎denoted by $mathcal{PS}(M)$‎, ‎to be the set of all primary submodules $Q$ of $M$ such that $(operatorname{rad}Q:M)=sqrt{(Q:M)}$‎. ‎In this paper‎, ‎we topologize $mathcal{PS}(M)$ with a topology having the Zariski topology on the prime spectrum $operatorname{Spec}(M)$ as a sub...

in this paper, countable compactness and the lindel¨of propertyare defined for l-fuzzy sets, where l is a complete de morgan algebra. theydon’t rely on the structure of the basis lattice l and no distributivity is requiredin l. a fuzzy compact l-set is countably compact and has the lindel¨ofproperty. an l-set having the lindel¨of property is countably compact if andonly if it is fuzzy compact. ...

For a class of fuzzy metric spaces (in the sense of George and Veeramani) with an H-type t-norm,  we present a method to construct a metric on a  fuzzy metric space. The induced metric space shares many important properties with the given fuzzy metric space.  Specifically, they generate the same topology, and have the same completeness. Our results can give the constructive proofs to some probl...

The concept of fuzzy set was introduced by Zadeh in his classical paper [1]. This concept provides a natural foundation for treating mathematically the fuzzy phenomena, which exist pervasively in our real world, and for building new branches of fuzzy mathematics. In the area of Fuzzy Topology, introduced by Chang [2], much attention has been paid to generalize the basic concepts of General Topo...

a concept related to the spectrum of a graph is that of energy. the energy e(g) of a graph g is equal to the sum of the absolute values of the eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix of g . the laplacian energy of a graph g is equal to the sum of distances of the laplacian eigenvalues of g and the average degree d(g) of g. in this paper we introduce the concept of laplacian energy of fuzzy graphs. ...

in this paper, we investigate the l-fuzzy proximities and the relationships betweenl-fuzzy topologies, l-fuzzy topogenous order and l-fuzzy uniformity. first, we show that the category of-fuzzy topological spaces can be embedded in the category of l-fuzzy quasi-proximity spaces as a coreective full subcategory. second, we show that the category of l -fuzzy proximity spaces is isomorphic to the ...

The theory of graphs are very useful tool in solving the combinatorial problems in different areas of computer science and computational intelligence systems. In this paper, we present a frame work to handle m-polar fuzzy information by combining the theory of m-polar fuzzy sets with graphs. We introduce the notion of weak self complement m-polar fuzzy graphs and establish a necessary condition...

In this paper, we introduce the concept of the generalized topological molecular lattices as a generalization of Wang's topological molecular lattices,  topological spaces, fuzzy topological spaces, L-fuzzy topological spaces and soft topological spaces. Topological molecular lattices were defined by closed elements, but in this new structure we present the concept of the open elements and defi...