PURPOSE To characterize the performance of Brazilian students exposed to two languages in reading fluency, phonological memory, and rapid naming, according to grade level, and to investigate correlations between these variables. METHODS Sixty students took part in this study (50% female), enrolled in the third to the fifth grades of two elementary schools of the city of São Paulo. They consti...

'Behavioral coordination' theory of language of Maturana (1928-) does not give a clear explanation for the questions of how naming takes place and where a word adequate for our experience comes from. This flaw may be alleviated by Sartre (1905-1980)s 'reflection' theory. According to Sartre's theory, we can make two types of sentences from the same data: for example, "I am conscious of this cha...

Stroop interference is thought to index reading automaticity and is expected to increase with reading practice and to decrease with improved color naming. We investigated the effects of practice in word reading and color naming on interference in 92 adults and 109 children in Grades 4-5. For children, interference was reduced after reading practice with color words. In neither group was interfe...

It has been argued that inhibition is a mechanism of attentional control in bilingual language performance. Evidence suggests that effects of inhibition are largest in the tail of a response time (RT) distribution in non-linguistic and monolingual performance domains. We examined this for bilingual performance by conducting delta-plot analyses of naming RTs. Dutch-English bilingual speakers nam...

Objectives: The brain’s widespread neural functions lead to aphasia in which the patients experience difficulties in cognitive and language functions. Memory, type, and severity of aphasia are associated with language and the naming process. In the current study, we investigated the relationship between memory, type, and severity of aphasia using the confrontation naming test in post-stroke pat...

The influence of phonological similarity neighborhoods on the speed and accuracy of speech production was investigated with speech-error elicitation and picture-naming tasks. The results from 2 speech-error elicitation techniques-the spoonerisms of laboratory induced predisposition technique (B. J. Baars, 1992; B. J. Baars & M. T. Motley, 1974; M. T. Motley & B. J. Baars, 1976) and tongue twist...

Objectives: Semantic Feature Analysis was designed to improve lexical retrieval of aphasic patients via activation of semantic networks of the words. In this approach, the anomic patients are cured with semantic information to assist oral naming. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Semantic Feature Analysis treatment on anomia of two nonfluent aphasic patients. Methods: A...

The role of phonological neighborhood density in lexical access was examined during nativeand nonnative language production. German-English and English-German bilinguals named pictures of German words with highand low-density neighborhoods. Results revealed that accuracy of picture naming was influenced by phonological neighborhood, with high-density neighborhoods facilitating lexical access in...

objectives: semantic feature analysis was designed to improve lexical retrieval of aphasic patients via activation of semantic networks of the words. in this approach, the anomic patients are cured with semantic information to assist oral naming. the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of semantic feature analysis treatment on anomia of two nonfluent aphasic patients. methods: a si...