InGaN based MQW solar cells have been fabricated with 4 different transparent top electrode structures: (1)- ITO 200 nm, (2)-ITO nano dots only, (3)-ITO nano dots on ITO 50 nm and (4)-ITO nano dots on ITO 100 nm. The solar cell with the ITO 50 nm on ITO nano dots under AM 1.5 conditions showed the best results: 2.3 V for V(oc), 0.69 mA/cm(2) for J(sc), 41.8% for peak EQE, and 0.91% for conversi...

Hierarchical micro-/nano-structures made easy. By using extremely rough, chemically etched microstructured aluminium foils, anodization in phosphoric acid under very harsh conditions, e.g., 10 wt% phosphoric acid and room temperature, can be repeatedly accomplished without suffering from breakdown. As a result, an alumina membrane with a three-dimensionally distributed nanopore structure is for...

Filamentous networks can be widely found in biomaterials at the microand nano-scales. Some conventional theories may not apply to the materials with dimension at the microor nano-scale. The effects of strain gradient at the micro-meter scale and the effects of surface elasticity and initial stresses/strains at the nano-scale are incorporated into the deformation mechanisms in the analysis of st...

We report an effective method to extract light from quantum-dot light emitting diodes (QLEDs) by embedding an internal nano-scattering pattern structure. We use finite-difference time-domain method to analyze the light extraction efficiency of red QLEDs with periodic, quasi-random, and random internal nano-scattering pattern structures. Our simulation results indicate that random internal nano-...

We have developed a process for the three-dimensional (3D) machining of p-type silicon on a microand nano-scale using high-energy ion beam irradiation with one or more energies and fluences, followed by electrochemical anodization in hydrofluoric acid. We present a study of the dependence of our fabricated structures on irradiating ion energies, fluences, geometries and wafer resistivity. All t...

In this tutorial review the process and applications of peptide self-assembly into nanotubes, nanospheres, nanofibrils, nanotapes, and other ordered structures at the nano-scale are discussed. The formation of well-ordered nanostructures by a process of self-association represents the essence of modern nanotechnology. Such self-assembled structures can be formed by a variety of building blocks,...

All natural structures are created from their molecular precursors and are thus hierarchical. Every natural structure is built up from sub-structures that are of the nano-sized range. We are thus surrounded by nano-materials. Our own body is a perfect example of a nano-structured material. Every single part of the body is built up from nanostructures which have completely different structural a...

The signals typically extracted from nano-devices are weak and can be strongly masked by noise, presenting a low signal-to-noise ratio. Computational electromagnetism and high resolution measuring techniques in Nano-Science an Nano-Technology produce a large amount of data that needs dedicated post-processing to enhance pure spatial, pure temporal, or mixed spatial-temporal structures embedded ...

In an effort to maximize the liquid slip on superhydrophobic surfaces, we investigate the role of the nanoscale roughness on microscale structures by developing well-defined micro-nano hierarchical structures. The nonwetting stability and slip length on the dual-scale micro-nano structures are measured and compared with those on single-scale micro-smooth structures. A force balance between a li...