Prior work indicates that preschoolers (ages 4-5) maintain high self-appraisals and behavioral engagement after performing less well than their peers. This study tested the hypothesis that relative failure has more negative consequences for preschoolers when they interpret achievement differences as being tied to membership in social categories (e.g., when members of different categories have d...

The thesis of this discussion is that nursing is involved in a scholarly evolution, that this evolution has properties and norms that have evolved from previous stages of development, and that every previous stage had a major contribution leading to our current evolution. The discussion is based on the premise that a reflective stance and self-analysis are essential to growth and development an...

Humans have the capacity for awareness of many aspects of their own mental lives—their own experiences, feelings, judgments, desires, and decisions. We can often know what it is that we see, hear, feel, judge, want, or decide. This article examines the evolutionary origins of this form of self-knowledge. Two alternatives are contrasted and compared with the available evidence. One is first-pers...

Based on evolutionary logic, Henrich and Gil-White [Evolution and Human Behavior, 22(3), 165–196] distinguished between two routes to attaining social status in human societies: dominance, based on intimidation, and prestige, based on the possession of skills or expertise. Independently, emotion researchers Tracy and Robins [Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92(3), 506–525] demonstr...

abstract the high prevalence of diabetes in iran and other developing countries is chiefly attributed to urbanization. the objectives of the present study were to assess the prevalence of self-reported diabetes and to determine its associated risk factors. this study is a part of the national noncommunicable disease risk factor surveillance, conducted in 31 provinces of iran in 2011. first, 100...

International Journal of Remote Sensing Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713722504 Satellite-based precipitation estimation using watershed segmentation and growing hierarchical self-organizing map Y. Hong ab; Y. -M. Chiang c; Y. Liu d; K. -L. Hsu a; S. Sorooshian a a Center for Hydrometeorology...