The aim of any value chain & network analysis is to understand the systemic factors and conditions through which a value framework and its firms can achieve higher levels of performance. The upstream oil & gas business is increasingly stimulated for growth by federal legislation (e.g. tax credits unconventional gas plays), while the corporate earnings in the US midstream and downstream energy s...

In the context of climate change, natural gas is becoming increasingly important for low-carbon development in China. The gap between the demand and supply of natural gas, domestically, and China’s high dependence on foreign sources, highlights the importance of ensuring a secure system for supplying natural gas in the country. This study applied ecological network analysis, a powerful systems-...

In order to achieve integrated condition in the girth welding of high pressure natural gas transmission pipelines, the weld zones and its surrounding area should have good mechanical properties. Residual stresses are an important defect especially in the girth welding of the pipeline. In this study, two API X70 steel pipes (with spiral seam weld) of 56 inches outside diameter and 0.780 inch wal...

arguably, the natural gas transmission pipeline infrastructure in iran represents one of the largest andmost complex mechanical systems in the world. the optimization of large gas trunk lines known asigat results in reduced fuel consumption or higher capability and improves pipeline operation. in thecurrent study, a single-objective optimization was conducted for khormoj compressor station on t...

during the past few years, modeling in agriculture has attracted considerable attention. new modeling methods including neural networks are employed in various industries, and it is necessary that their use in agriculture be also considered. this research addressed the trend of energy use in broiler farms in alborz province and sought to model the trend of energy consumption and production in t...

Pneumatic instrument systems powered by high-pressure natural gas are often used across the natural gas and petroleum industries for process control. Typical process control applications include pressure, temperature, liquid level, and flow rate regulation. The constant bleed of natural gas from these controllers is collectively one of the largest sources of methane emissions in the natural gas...