Today patients with mild to moderate Alzhiemer's disease (AD) have a treatment approach choice: oral or transdermal delivery. The aim of this review was to provide a concise, comprehensive overview of the clinically relevant safety, tolerability and efficacy information available for the rivastigmine transdermal system. Relevant articles were identified through a MEDLINE search of publications ...

1.1 Historical Background and Overview Where does patch come from? According to Publish or Perish, the earliest appearance of " patch " as a technical term in the open literature was in Haralick's 1973 paper on textural features for image classification [1] (the term could exist before that but it is difficult to track back further). In those old days, pixels are termed " " and small-area typic...

OBJECTIVE To compare the ketoprofen TDS patch with diclofenac gel in the treatment of traumatic acute pain in benign sport-related soft-tissue injuries. DESIGN 7-14 treatment days, prospective, randomised, open study. PATIENTS Outpatients aged 18-70 years diagnosed for painful benign sport-related soft-tissue injury (sprains, strains and contusions within the prior 48 h), randomised to eith...

The long-term safety, tolerability, and efficacy of high-dose 13.3 mg/24 h rivastigmine patch in severe Alzheimer disease was evaluated in a 24-week, open-label extension to the double-blind ACTION study. Safety and tolerability, and efficacy on the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living scale-Severe Impairment Version (ADCS-ADL-SIV), Severe Impairment Battery (SIB), a...

A new multiple C-slotted microstrip patch antenna is proposed in the present study. A patch antenna is a wide-beam narrowband antenna. The microstrip patch antenna consists of a very thin metallic strip (patch) placed a small fraction of a wavelength above a ground plane. The patch can be designed in any possible shape and normally made of conducting materials such as copper or gold. This study...

IMPORTANCE Smoking cessation medications are routinely used in health care; it is vital to identify medications that most effectively treat this leading cause of preventable mortality. OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacies of varenicline, combination nicotine replacement therapy (C-NRT), and the nicotine patch for 26-week quit rates. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Three-group randomized in...

The patch-clamp technique was implemented in the cut-open squid giant axon and used to record single K channels. We present evidence for the existence of three distinct types of channel activities. In patches that contained three to eight channels, ensemble fluctuation analysis was performed to obtain an estimate of 17.4 pS for the single-channel conductance. Averaged currents obtained from the...

Contact dermatitis is an inflammatory skin disease due to contact with different substances and caused by two mechanisms: Allergy and irritation. Contact dermatitis is a common skin disease and the most common occupational dermatosis. Differentiating between allergic and irritant contact dermatitis is essential in the identification of etiologic factor(s) and hence, its control and prognosis. T...

BACKGROUND Aim of this study was to compare the result of open and laparoscopic repair of perforated peptic ulcers in terms of operation time, postoperative pain, hospital stay, and wound infection. METHODS Clinical notes of 152 patients who underwent the operative closure of perforated peptic ulcers from 1996 to 2006 were available for study. All patients were offered laparoscopic approach f...