The impact of installing process control systems can be expected in terms of performance improvements through reduced operating costs.  Since these installations impose considerable capital expenditure, the profitability of the new systems should be economically justified. Controlled variable trend was reconstructed by a combination of simple waves, which provided a means to simulate the ef...

Background. Prolonged air leak is defined as an ongoing air leak for more than 5 days. Intrabronchial valve (IBV) treatment is approved for the treatment of air leaks. Objective. To analyze our experience with IBV and valuate its cost-effectiveness. Methods. Retrospective analysis of IBV from June 2013 to October 2014. We analyzed direct costs based on hospital and operating room charges. We us...

the steps taken in designing a loop reactor for bulk propylene polymerization are discussed. the roles played by several parameters like particle growth factor, catalyst activity and solid fraction on reactor volume at different operating conditions are investigated. at first, based on a fixed production capacity and specific rate of catalyst, reactor volume is determined. next, the length and ...

Pulverized coal injection has assisted the steel industry to lower operating costs, extend coke oven life and lower greenhouse emissions. As the understanding of the impact of quality of the injected coal has increased, there has been a shift from high volatile thermal coals to low volatile semi-anthracites. A heat and mass model was used to investigate the impact of the injected coal propertie...