Injury to axons close to the neuronal bodies in the mammalian central nervous system causes a large proportion of parenting neurons to degenerate. It is known that optic nerve transection close to the eye in rodents leads to a loss of about half of retinal ganglion cells in 1 week and about 90% in 2 weeks. Using low level laser treatment in the present study, we demonstrated that treatment with...

background: axotomy causes sensory neuronal loss. reconnection of proximal and distal nerve ends by surgical repair improves neuronal survival. it is important to know the morphology of primary sensory neurons after the surgical repair of their peripheral processes. methods: animals (male wistar rats) were exposed to models of sciatic nerve transection, direct epineurial suture repair of sciati...

Loss of light perception (LP) after open globe injury (OGI) does not necessarily mean the patient will have permanent complete visual loss. Findings that seem to be associated reliably with permanent profound vision loss after OGI include optic nerve avulsion, optic nerve transection, and profound loss of intraocular contents, which can be identified with CT/MRI imaging albeit with varying degr...

Background: Axotomy causes sensory neuronal loss. Reconnection of proximal and distal nerve ends by surgical repair improves neuronal survival. It is important to know the morphology of primary sensory neurons after the surgical repair of their peripheral processes. Methods: Animals (male Wistar rats) were exposed to models of sciatic nerve transection, direct epineurial suture repair of sciati...

The region at and around the site of optic nerve transeetion (ONS) in goldfish, topologically the equivalent of the glial seal' in mammals, is reported to remain free of astrocytes over weeks, but its cellular constituents are unknown. To leam what type of cell occupies the site of injury and thus provides support for the rapidly regenerating retinal growth cones, immunostaining experiments at ...

Fifteen days after transection of the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial tract at the lateral retrochiasmatic hypothalamic area, neurosecretory axons had vigorously regenerated into transplants of explanted hypophysial neural lobe, to a lesser extent into sciatic nerve transplants, and least into optic nerve transplants. Regenerating axons were always closely associated with the specific glial cells ...

Following optic nerve transection in goldfish, retinal axons regenerate. To determine what the growth cones use as a substrate for their growth, regenerating growth cones were labeled by horseradish peroxidase (HRP) application to the retina 5-6 days after intraorbital optic nerve section (ONS) and identified at 10-11 days after ONS in the brain sided (distal) portion of the optic nerve in thic...

  Background :There is not any data available about the effect of high bar pressure condition on intracranial pressure. In this study, the effect of diving on the optic nerve and sheath diameters as non-invasive markers of intracranial pressure has been investigated.   Methods : Twenty professional male divers from twenty one volunteers were chosen for this cross-sectional study. Only one perso...

Fish CNS neurons can repair their axons following nerve injury, whereas mammalian CNS neurons cannot regenerate, and become apoptotic within 1-2 weeks after the nerve lesion. One explanation for these differences is that one, or several molecules are upregulated in fish CNS neurons during nerve regeneration, and this same molecule is downregulated in mammalian CNS neurons before the development...

Neurotrophins are potent regulators of the survival of different neuronal populations in the CNS. Little is known of the immunodistribution of neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) and tyrosine kinase C (TrkC) receptor in the frog visual system, which can successfully regenerate and recover vision after injury. In this study we show that both NT-3 and TrkC are present in the frog retina and tectum, and that th...