The copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction is widely used for the connection of molecular entities of all sizes. A protocol is provided here for the process with biomolecules. Ascorbate is used as reducing agent to maintain the required cuprous oxidation state. Since these convenient conditions produce reactive oxygen species, five equivalents of a copper-binding ligand is used wi...

Using machine learning and metaheuristic optimization, we optimize the reaction conditions for non-oxidative conversion of methane.

We report the use of a nanolitre nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy microfluidic chip hyphenated to a continuous-flow microlitre-microwave irradiation set-up, for on-line monitoring and rapid optimization of reaction conditions.

the chemistry of 2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidines began to develop toward the end of 1893 year, when the first representatives of this class compounds were reported by p. biginelli. despite prior reports of several really effective catalytic and non-catalytic approaches towards biginelli-type products, an overwhelming number of new catalysts for the biginelli reaction have been recently publ...

CH4, C2H6 and C2H4 are the most important outlet gaseous of oxidative couple methane (OCM) reaction and this process is a new technology for conversion of natural gas to ethane and ethylene products. In this study, adsorption of OCM outlet hydrocarbons over 10X zeolite has been examined at equilibrium conditions. Temperature and pressure are the most effective operational parameters in the batc...

A hydrothermal method for preparation of nano-size zirconia has been studied to optimize the effective parameters (precursor concentration, temperature and time) using response surface methodology (RSM). The synthesized zirconia samples were characterized through X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses to identify mean nano...

In this note, we prove that the KKT mapping for nonlinear semidefinite optimization problem is upper Lipschitz continuous at the KKT point, under the second-order sufficient optimality conditions and the strict Robinson constraint qualification.

This paper is devoted to studying the robust isolated calmness of the Karush– Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) solution mapping for a large class of interesting conic programming problems (including most commonly known ones arising from applications) at a locally optimal solution. Under the Robinson constraint qualification, we show that the KKT solution mapping is robustly isolated calm if and only if both t...