in this paper, financial services in the iranian as a sector with a leontief production function, this sector buys inputs from other sectors for its productions and provides services to expedite the cash fellows and risk transformation to other sectors, the first relations are called backward linkage and the later relations are called forward linkage, for quantification of the linkage , employm...

Good monetary policy is both simple and complicated. The principles for good monetary policy are simple: Perform flexible inflation targeting, which means aiming to stabilize inflation around an explicit low positive numerical inflation target with some weight also on stabilizing the output gap, that is, stabilizing output around a measure of potential output. Because of the lags between moneta...

Research has shown that forward contracts for electricity can reduce market power and increase producer output. This is frequently used as justification for policy interventions requiring that consumers purchase forward capacity, but it is not a sufficient justification because rational consumers can account for market power impacts when making forward contracting decisions. Advocates for capac...

Anultra-low power capacitor less low-dropout voltage regulator with improved transient response using gain enhanced feed forward path compensation is presented in this paper. It is based on a cascade of a voltage amplifier and a transconductor stage in the feed forward path with regular error amplifier to form a composite gainenhanced feed forward stage. It broadens the gain bandwidth and thus ...

In this channel,we study rate region of a Gaussian two-way diamond channel which operates in half-duplex mode. In this channel, two transceiver (TR) nodes exchange their messages with the help of two relay nodes. We consider a special case of the Gaussian two-way diamond channels which is called Compute-and-Forward Multiple Access Channel (CF-MAC). In the CF-MAC, the TR nodes transmit their mes...

I n this study, the Regional Input- Output Structural Decomposition Analysis (I-O SDA) is used to investigate the effects of technological changes on employment in Sistan and Baluchestan Province of Iran during 2006-2011. This paper develops the SDA method to decompose the technological change from two viewpoints of supply and demand for intermediate inputs in each sector. These chan...