Given a graph G, and two vertex sets S and T of size k each, a many-tomany k-disjoint path cover of G joining S and T is a collection of k disjoint paths between S and T that cover every vertex of G. It is classified as paired if each vertex of S must be joined to a designated vertex of T , or unpaired if there is no such constraint. In this article, we first present a necessary and sufficient ...

A many-to-many k-disjoint path cover (k-DPC for short) of a graph G joining the pairwise disjoint vertex sets S and T , each of size k, is a collection of k vertex-disjoint paths between S and T , which altogether cover every vertex of G. This is classified as paired, if each vertex of S must be joined to a specific vertex of T , or unpaired, if there is no such constraint. In this paper, we de...

In the study of paired comparisons (PC), items may be ranked or issues may be prioritized through subjective assessment of certain judges. PC models are developed and then used to serve the purpose of ranking. The PC models may be studied through classical or Bayesian approach. Bayesian inference is a modern statistical technique used to draw conclusions about the population parameters. Its bea...

This paper describes a more efficient paired comparison method that reduces the number of trials necessary for converting a table of paired comparisons into scaler data. Instead of comparing every pair of samples (the complete method), a partial method is used that makes more comparisons between closer samples than between more distant samples. A sorting algorithm is used to efficiently order t...

concentration in healthy subjects (n=10, ROI analysis, onesample t-test, uncorrected, p<0.001). Figure 1: Average olfactory activation at all 4 lavender concentrations in healthy subjects (n=10, one-sample t-test, familywise correction, p<0.05). Figure 2: Olfactory activation difference between two sequential runs of the same stimulation paradigm in healthy subjects (n=10, paired t-test, uncorr...

PURPOSE Refined analysis of frequency doubling perimetric data was performed to assess binocular visual field conservation in patients with comparable degrees of bilateral glaucomatous damage, to determine whether unilateral visual field loss is random, anatomically symmetric, or non-random in relation to the fellow eye. METHODS Case control study of 41 consecutive patients with bilaterally m...

This current study investigates the implementation of flashcards and Teams Games Tournament (TGT) to enhance students' vocabulary mastery. The participants were SDIT Nurul Hidayah Cigedog Brebes, fourth graders in academic year 2021-2022. In addition, thirty-three students subjects study. employed Classroom Action Research. Instruments included a pre-test, post-test, questionnaire, an observati...

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis perbedaan hasil pretest dan posttest kemampuan membaca peserta didik, serta motivasi belajar didik menggunakan pendekatan Whole Language komunikatif. Metode yang digunakan kuasi eksperimen dengan analisis data uji paired sample t-test independent t-test. Hasil menyatakan bahwa penggunaan pembelajaran lebih efektif dibanding komunikatif terhadap di...