BACKGROUND A strong consensus exists for a systematic approach to linguistic validation of patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) and discrete methods for assessing their psychometric properties. Despite the need for robust evidence of the appropriateness of measures, transition from linguistic to psychometric validation is poorly documented or evidenced. This paper demonstrates the importan...

Many interventions for neurogenic bladder patients are directed towards improving quality of life (QOL). Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) are the primary method of evaluating QOL, and they provide an important quantification of symptoms which can't be measured objectively. Our goal was to review general measurement principles, and identify and discuss PROMs relevant to neurogenic bladd...

Background: The measure of Expressed Emotion (EE) has been extensively used for the investigation of family interaction in different clinical populations. However, very few clinical data exist which clarify the nature of the relationship between family EE and eating disorders, as well as the prognostic value of the EE variables.Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine if family EE p...

Objective: The aim of this study was to validate the well-recognized outcome measure instruments (Medical Outcome Study Short Form-SF-36, Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index-WOMAC, McMaster Toronto Arthritis Patient Preference Disability Questionnaire-MACTAR) for patients who had undergone total knee arthroplasty in Iran, with its cultural and ethnic differences and com...

background and purpose: the emergency severity index (esi) triage system has been recommended by the ministry of health to classify patients at emergency departments. this study aimed to assess the validity of esi system (version 4) in the emergency department of a teaching hospital. outcome measures were hospitalization, emergency department (ed) length of stay, resource consumption, in-hospit...

Adverse outcome of pregnancy is a potentially dangerous complication of conception and affects 15-20% of pregnancies. According to recent studies increased level of blood antiphospholipids antibodies, if accompanied by predisposing factors, can be an adverse event in human pregnancy. The aim of the present study was to compare the maternal serum levels of anticardiolipin and antiphosphatidyl se...