The exploration of COVID-19 in Zimbabwe and the consequent responses have blind spots relation to peasant communities. Despite peasantry featuring Zimbabwe’s agrarian reform literature, such literature is lacking when it comes interrogation how this diverse sometimes less recognised group responded novel virus. article explores life a time lockdown Zimbabwe, paying special attention impact pand...

In this work we have analyzed soil samples from Oxisols collected from two traditional communities, one formed by Guarany Indians at South of Brazil and other by African descendants on North of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. The content and fractional composition of humus was investigated and the isolated humic acids (HAs) were characterized by elemental composition, C solid-state nuclear magnet...

Using panel data from Rwanda, we estimate seasonal transient and chronic poverty indices, for different poverty lines, poverty indicators, equivalence scales, and with and without corrections for price variability and for the sampling scheme. We also estimate sampling standard errors for the poverty indices. The worst poverty crises occur after the dry season at the end of the year. Most of the...

The student of colonial history who attempts to draw a comparison between Java (or rather, in view of the huge regional disparities: parts of Java) and parts of the Philippines (for instance Luzon) is struck by the sharp contrasts in development. While Javanese society during the 19th century, and well into the 20th century has remained a society of small peasants, in Luzon the process of colon...

The prudent peasant mitigated the risk of crop failures by scattering his arable land throughout his village, Deirdre McCloskey argued, because alternative risksharing institutions did not exist. But, alternatives did exist, this essay concludes. Medieval English peasants formed two types of farmers’ cooperatives. Fraternities protected members from the perils of everyday life. Customary poor l...

Peasants not only comprised the most num erous stratum of Polish society (both in 1864, i.e. at the time of the completion of agrarian reforms, and in 1939, on the eve of the outbreak of the second world war); they also exerted an essentiel impact on the shape and functioning of society, determined the level of agricul­ ture, created a sales m arket and constituted a demographic reserve for the...

The colonial land tenure in Perú affected the previously existing communal system of several ways. This new ownership and forced agricultural labor changed over time. However, semi-slave condition indigenous peasants remained same until late 1960s. Agrarian Reform started 1969 had an unprecedented impact on living conditions peasants. article claims that life latifundia before been extremely pr...

ABSTRACT This article describes the process of legal contention between civil society, political parties, and state institutions for baldíos lands in Colombian Altillanura region last two decades, a considered country’s “last agricultural frontier.” The focuses on dual sometimes contradictory roles institutions, both as facilitators grabbing guarantors peasants’ land rights. It analyzes differe...