1. Knowledge of species diversity across a landscape is essential for answering ecological questions and developing conservation and management goals and protocols. However, data on species occurrence are often limited, with the consequence that species lists are incomplete. 2. As a means to develop a complete species occurrence list for an urbanizing landscape in south-eastern Michigan, USA, a...

Quality of urban areas and improvement of it have always been considered as one of the main issues in the process of urbanization. It might be possible to consider this importance as the result of fundamental changes in intellectual patterns during the past two decades in one side and its proposal in all aspects of human life on the other side though this is one of the main influential concepts...

despite the close relationship between collective memory and urban structure, as the relationship between what is hidden and what is visible, rapid changes throughout the city have caused a disconnection between integrated memories and landscape cohesion. as a context for memories, the historical urban landscape proves valuable. the present research seeks to identify elements and signs in urban...

quality of urban areas and improvement of it have always been considered as one of the main issues in the process of urbanization. it might be possible to consider this importance as the result of fundamental changes in intellectual patterns during the past two decades in one side and its proposal in all aspects of human life on the other side though this is one of the main influential concepts...

introduction this study is dealt with the environmental planning from a bio-cybernetic and hierarchical systems viewpoint within the context of landscape ecology. this viewpoint requires not only knowledge of the science of ecology but also ecological wisdom in order to recognize the place of humankind in nature. the conceptual and practical approach which is provided will help landscape planne...

In the Phoenix, Arizona, U.S., metropolitan area, community associations with legally binding covenants, codes, and restrictions (CC&Rs) impose limitations on landscaping activities in many new neighborhood residential communities. Studies were conducted in the Phoenix area to develop an understanding of residential homeowner landscape preferences and practices and how they might be impacted by...

The composition of a landscape is a fundamental indicator in land-cover pattern assessments. The objective of this paper was to evaluate a landscape composition indicator called ‘landscape mosaic’ as a framework for interpreting land-cover dynamics over a 9-year period in a 360,000 km study area in the southern United States. The indicator classified a land parcel into one of 19 possible landsc...

extended abstract 1. introduction city is a living creature formed through the interaction of different forces in unique substantiality. one of the main aspects of each city is its landscape; urban landscape is the experience of people as the members of society. landscape is an objective and subjective phenomenon that is the part of peoples’ nature in a city. in fact, the process of landscape p...