schizophrenia is a severe neuropsychiatric disorder with symptoms such as hallucination, delusion and mental disorder. it is a complex disorder, in which genetic components play a crucial role in its pathogenesis. among candidate genes for schizophrenia, neuregulin 1 (nrg1) gene is the most important gene,  association of which with the illness has been confirmed in several studies. single nucl...

Differential display PCR (DD-PCR) is an mRNA fingerprinting technique to identify differentially expressed genes by comparative display of arbitrarily amplified cDNA subsets. This attractively simple screening method was, however, followed by a labour intensive multistep identification procedure for DD-PCR products. In this report we demonstrate for the mouse mast cell protease 2 (MMCP-2) and t...

We describe a method for producing specific PCR primers directly from PCR product, bypassing the usual need to know the primer sequence. Lack of abundance of primers derived from a PCR product is compensated for by the incorporation of an arbitrary 5'TAG sequence which acts as a surrogate template target for the bulk amplification phase. We use the technique to amplify clonospecific rearranged ...

background congenital factor xiii (fxiii) deficiency is a rare severs autosomal recessive bleeding disorder. objectives the aim of the study was to determine the c559t > c fxiiia genotype frequency in patients with fxiii hemophilia who lived in sistan and balouchestan province in southeast of iran. patients and methods we determined the genotype of 180 patients with factor xiii hemophilia by te...

BISTRO-PRIMER TOOL TO DESIGN AND VALIDATE SPECIFIC PCR PRIMER PAIRS FOR PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS Praful Aggarwal Marquette University, 2011 Polymerase Chain Reaction is a widely used biological technique which helps in amplifying small quantities of DNA. These amplified DNA copies are then used in several other experiments like DNA sequencing, phylogenetic analysis, etc. PCR primers are short subs...

Due to the genetic mutation (fa) in gene encoding for leptin receptor, homozygous Zucker rats (fa−/−) develop excessive adiposity and become an experimental animal model obesity metabolic-related diseases research. Based on tetra-primer amplification refractory system-polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR), we developed a method quickly genotype with mutated fa allele from their wildtype litterma...

UNLABELLED PREMISE OF THE STUDY Development of genetic markers can be costly and time-consuming, especially when multiple primer pairs are fluorescently labeled. This step was streamlined by combining two techniques in the same PCR reaction: (1) custom-labeling of primers by the investigator and (2) multiplexing multiple primers together in the same reaction. • METHODS AND RESULTS This tec...

The rep-PCR DNA fingerprint technique using BOX A1R primer was investigated. DNA fingerprints were generated from Escherichia coli strains isolated from human, duck, goose, gull, and heron sources. Optimization tools (use of restriction enzymes, BSA, DMSO, and storage buffer) were used in an attempt to generate clear, well-defined DNA fingerprints from the Escherichia coli isolates. Initial stu...