The global migration of television (TV) from analogue to digital broadcasting will result in more spectrum bands (known as TV white space), previously used in analogue broadcasting, becoming available and unoccupied. A question is on how much white space is available and how can it be used opportunistically and dynamically without causing harmful interference to licensed users? In this paper, w...

Currently, use of geo-location databases is the preferred method for detecting TV white spaces by white space devices in the US. The approach protects TV transmitters and receivers from interference sufficiently by keeping a record of the TV transmitters’ information, and relying on propagation models to determine the protection area of the TV transmitters. Thus accurate radio propagation by th...

In the last years, FTTH (Fiber-to-the-home) networks became an excellent solution to deliver broadband internet access and TV services. A furthermore integration of IRUWB (Impulse-radio ultra-wideband) signals into GPON (Gigabit-Passive-Optical-Network) technology is analyzed, with opportunity to allow wireless distribution of high definition video over a future personal area network. It is con...

the purpose of this research is study of effective factors on women motivations from watching serials persian-language satellite channel of gem (gem tv). this research depending on the type arrangement of variables and research goals in template of schemes correlation- comparative is foundation. the statistical population of this study is consisted of all women audience network series of gem (g...

Due to rapid growth of using mobile phones, this device becomes a part of todays humans life using it for many applications from a simple camera, MP3 player, FM radio to now mobile TV. Technology has shifted the handset from a simple calling and answering device to being a part of an advanced entertainment, Internet access, gaming, office application, mobile commerce and utility device. Mobile ...

the prevalent communications networks suffer from lack of spectrum and spectrum inefficiency. this has motivated researchers to develop cognitive radio (cr) as a smart and dynamic radio access promised solution. a major challenge to this new technology is how to make fair assignment of available spectrum to unlicensed users, particularly for smart grids communication. this paper introduces an i...

The prevalent communications networks suffer from lack of spectrum and spectrum inefficiency. This has motivated researchers to develop cognitive radio (CR) as a smart and dynamic radio access promised solution. A major challenge to this new technology is how to make fair assignment of available spectrum to unlicensed users, particularly for smart grids communication. This paper introduces an i...

In Pakistan, like other countries of the world, electronic media have opened new avenues of information and entertainment for people from diversified sectors of life including agriculture. The paper covers the general use of electronic media by the farmers for various purposes and its relationship with demographic characteristics. The data were collected with the help of reliable and validated ...

-In the US the commercial dawn of unlicensed wireless products based on cognitive radio technology is anticipated to begin in 2008 when the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) will issue rules and regulations for low power operation in the UHF TV Spectrum. Viable products will undergo a rigorous regime of testing to demonstrate their ability to coexist on a non-interfering basis with existi...

Cognitive Radio networks and channel sharing are emerging as a new paradigm of communication in multimedia and wireless networks. In this chapter, the authors consider a secondary use application that consists of carrying TDMA traffic between the mobile and the base station for GSM networks over a Cognitive Radio network. Therefore, packets are not only lost by reason of Primary traffic interru...