American AssociaUon for the Advancemnt of Science Science serves its readers as a forum for the presentation and discussion of important issues related to the advancement of science, including the presentation of minority or conflicting points of view, rather than by publishing only material on which a consensus has been reached. Accordingly, all articles published in Science-including editoria...

This study examines the relationships between the herding of various investor groups and trading noise in the Taiwan stock market to determine whether any of the investor groups tend to herd rationally. The study uses a unique and comprehensive data set on intraday transactions and limit order books of the Taiwan Stock Exchange (TWSE). We calculate the high-frequency herding measures and tradin...

With prescription audit the main aim is to improve rational use of drugs. Irrational prescriptions can lead to adverse drugs reactions or sub therapeutic treatment and antimicrobial resistance. Irrational prescribing is a universal problem. Examples include: poly pharmacy, inadequate dosage, use of antimicrobials even for non-bacterial infections and excessive use of injections when oral forms ...

The standard notion of autonomy in medical ethics does not require that autonomous choices not be irrational. The paper gives three examples of seemingly irrational patient choices and discusses how a rational autonomy analysis differs from the standard view. It then considers whether a switch to the rational autonomy view would lead to overriding more patient decisions but concludes that this ...