Understanding who benefits from fuel price subsidies and the welfare impact of increasing fuel prices is key to designing, and gaining public support for, subsidy reform. This paper updates evidence for developing countries on the magnitude of the welfare impact of subsidy reform and its distribution across income groups, incorporating more recent studies and expanding the number of countries. ...

W ith the election of Bill Clinton as presiden t , Americans have asked for renewed attention to domestic and economic policies. A critical part of the U.S. domestic front demanding attention is healthcare reform. However, the message voters sent Clinton on healthcare reform is far from clear. Several postelection public opinion surveys show that, although voters believed healthcare reform was ...

A.L. MANSON, N. CHAPMAN, Y. WEDATILAKE, M. BALIC, H. MARWAY, S.L. SENEVIRATNE and P. HOLLOWAY From the Department of Clinical Immunology, St Mary’s Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W2 1NY, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, St Mary’s Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London W2 1PG, Department of Chemical Pathology, St Mary’s Hospital, Imperial College Hea...

many medical universitiesaround the world have donestunning changes in the recent years.some of these changes have been performed with the support of international organizations.they changed the traditionaltrainingprograms based on teacher- centered learning and disciplined approach to the educational course based on community needs responsivity and student-centered learning. this process is ai...

The methods for healthcare reform are strikingly underdeveloped, with much reliance on political power. A methodology that combined methods from sources such as clinical trials, experience-based wisdom, and improvement science could be among the aims of the upcoming work in the USA on comparative effectiveness and on the agenda of the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation in the Centers f...

nancial crisis, there have been many calls to expand regulatory oversight in the fi nancial sector. Previously, regulation focused primarily on the health of individual fi nancial institutions. Since the crisis, however, regulatory reform eff orts, such as the 2010 DoddFrank Act, have focused more on stability in the fi nancial sector as a whole, a concept known as “macroprudential” or “systemi...