In the past a poor quality residue was frequently excused and accepted when incoming refuse had a high moisture content. This is no longer permissable. Means of coping with the wet refuse problem are summarized, based on reports from operators of IS municipal incinerators of various types, sizes and ages. The author's comments and conclusions are included.

The performance of an incinerator is affected markedly by the moisture content of the refuse. To maintain a satisfactory £ire and a high rate of operation under con� ditions of varying refuse moisture is difficult at best: As the flue gas reflects the refuse analysis, a meter is proposed that would report the ratio of CO, and H,O vapor in the furnace exit gas. The CO2/H20 ratio varies from 2.0 ...

The unplanned extension of the right to refuse treatment to the precommitment period is described in this paper. This extension of the right to refuse treatment has important public policy implications for the civil commitment process. These implications, as well as the pros and cons of the extension of the right to refuse treatment, are discussed.

BACKGROUND Job rotation might be an effective preventive measure to reduce the prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints, although its effect has not been yet established. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of job rotation in refuse collecting on need for recovery, prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints, and sick leave due to musculoskeletal complaints. METHODS A 1-year p...

PURPOSE Collecting waste is regarded as a benchmark for "particularly heavy" work. This study aims to determine and compare the workload of refuse workers in the field. We examined heart rate (HR) and oxygen uptake as parameters of workload during their daily work. METHODS Sixty-five refuse collectors from three task-specific groups (residual and organic waste collection, and street sweeping)...