Current management of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) can be divided into two categories: first, anti-vasoendothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injection for wet macular degeneration; second, anti-oxidant vitamins for dry macular degeneration. New therapies are being developed for both of these diseases using novel technologies and different modes of administration. The hope is that some...

background degenerative retinal diseases, including age related macular degeneration, glaucoma, and hereditary retinal dystrophies are major causes of blindness. the principal defect in these diseases is cell loss which is amenable to both cell based neuroprotective and neuroregenerative therapies. to briefly review the lines of research and potential candidates for cell based therapies among r...

800x600 age-related macular degeneration (amd) is becoming the leading cause of blindness in developed countries. the exact etiology and pathophysiology of amd is still unclear. a number of risk factors of amd have been recognized, such as cigarette smoking, a family history of amd and being caucasian. on the other hand, aspirin is a widespread medication, which is thought to be associated with...

PURPOSE To determine whether poor fetal growth, as determined by size at birth, is associated with increased risk of age-related macular degeneration. METHODS A total of 660 men and women born in Sheffield, United Kingdom, between 1922 and 1930 and whose size at birth was available were traced and invited to take part in the study. Of these, 392 attended for ophthalmic examination. Age-relate...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the quality of referrals to a neovascular age-related macular degeneration clinic from optometrists using the standard Rapid Access Referral Form (RARF) from the Royal College of Ophthalmologists. DESIGN A prospective study. Prospective data were gathered from all optometry referrals using the RARF, between the periods of December 2006 to August 2009. These were assesse...

PURPOSE To examine the importance of genetic factors in age-related macular degeneration by using a twin study to compare the concordance of age-related macular degeneration in monozygotic twin pairs and their spouses. METHODS This was a prospective study that included 50 twin pairs and 47 spouses. Zygosity was determined by genetic laboratory testing. Macular findings were graded based on th...

Age-related macular degeneration is a multiform disease of the macula, the region responsible for detailed central vision. In recent years, plenty of new knowledge of the pathogenesis of this disease has been obtained, and the treatment of exudative macular degeneration has greatly progressed. The number of patients with age-related macular degeneration will multiply in the following decades, b...

Macular pigment is key to the healthy eye. Direct determination of macular pigment optical density using single-wavelength reflectometry with a fundus camera has allowed to identify changes in macular pigmentation in patients with dry or exudative macular degeneration. This approach could be useful for individualised patient follow-up, particularly in those with age-related macular degeneration.