Outbreaks caused by vaccine-derived polioviruses are challenging the final eradication of paralytic poliomyelitis. Therefore, the surveillance of the acute flaccid paralysis cases based on poliovirus isolation and characterization remains an essential activity. Due to the use of trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV), mixtures containing more than one serotype of Sabin-related polioviruses are...

From the Sabin Vaccine Institute, and George Washington University, Washington, DC (P.J.H.); Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Lymphatic Filariasis Support Centre and the Global Alliance to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis, Liverpool, United Kingdom (D.H.M.); the Schistosomiasis Control Initiative, Imperial College London, London (A.F.); the International Trachoma Initiative, New York ( J.K.)...

From the Sabin Vaccine Institute, and George Washington University, Washington, DC (P.J.H.); Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Lymphatic Filariasis Support Centre and the Global Alliance to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis, Liverpool, United Kingdom (D.H.M.); the Schistosomiasis Control Initiative, Imperial College London, London (A.F.); the International Trachoma Initiative, New York ( J.K.)...

Macro-elements of arbitrary smoothness are constructed on Powell-Sabin triangle splits. These elements are useful for solving boundaryvalue problems and for interpolation of Hermite data. It is shown that they are optimal with respect to spline degree, and we believe they are also optimal with respect to the number of degrees of freedom. The construction provides local bases for certain supersp...

BACKGROUND Trivalent oral polio vaccine (tOPV) was replaced worldwide from April, 2016, by bivalent types 1 and 3 oral polio vaccine (bOPV) and one dose of inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) where available. The risk of transmission of type 2 poliovirus or Sabin 2 virus on re-introduction or resurgence of type 2 poliovirus after this switch is not understood completely. We aimed to assess the risk...

We consider the problem of constructing a C1 piecewise quadratic interpolant, Q, to positional and gradient data defined at the vertices of a tessellation of n-simplices in IR. The key to the interpolation scheme is to appropriately subdivide each simplex to ensure that certain necessary geometric constraints are satisfied by the subdivision points. We establish these constraints using the Bern...

The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in mares and stallionsin the province of Ankara. Sera from 168 clinically healthy horses were tested for the presence ofToxoplasma gondii antibodies using the Sabin Feldman dye test. Toxoplasma gondii infection wasdetermined in 62 (36.9%) of 168 horses with the titers ranging from 1:16 to 1:256.

BACKGROUND Substituted flavanoids interfere with uncoating of Enteroviruses including Sabin-2 polio vaccine strains. However flavanoid resistant and dependent, type-2 polio vaccine strains (minimally-diverged), emerged during in vitro infections. Between 1998-2009, highly-diverged (8 to >15%) type-2, aVDPV(2)s, from two unrelated persistent infections were periodically isolated from Israeli sew...