This epidemiological review was carried out to display the magnitude and the geographic distribution of scorpion envenomation in Iran with focus on the southwestern region of Iran, particularly. The Iranian recognized scorpions belonging to two families, including Buthidae and Scorpionidae. Buthidae family consists of 14 genuses, 26 species, and 18 sub-species, while Scorpionidae family has thr...

Buthotus schach Finally, according to our results venom as well as fractions F4 and F6 act mostly prejunctionally on Ach release. More attempt is carrying out to study their effects on ion channel activities. is one of the most dangerous scorpions in tropical part of Iran. The effects of its crude venom at 1, 3, 10 µg/mL and its obtained fractions by gel filtrations were investigated on neuromu...

The effect of the venom of the Chactoid family of scorpions on blood pressure was scantly investigated and was addressed in the present study using the venom of the Israeli scorpion, Scorpio maurus palmatus. Blood pressure in rats was monitored via cannulated femoral artery, while venom and toxins were introduced into femoral vein. Venom injection elicited a biphasic effect, expressed first by ...

The present study was conducted to explore the following hypotheses: (i) do scorpions (the Egyptian scorpion Scorpio maurus palmatus) from different geographical locations exhibit intraspecific diversity in their venom? (ii) if so, is the variation associated with ecological or genetic factors, geographical distance, and/or multiple interrelated factors? and (iii) do the different toxins produc...

Scorpions are one of the most ancient groups of terrestrial animals. They have maintained a steady morphology over more than 400 million years of evolution. Their venom arsenals for capturing prey and defending against predators may play a critical role in their ancient and conservative appearance. In the current review, we present the scorpion fauna of China: 53 species covering five families ...

Many kinds of venomous principles modulate physiological responses of mammalian signal transduction systems, on which they act selectively as enhancers, inhibitors or some other kind of effectors. These toxins become useful tools for physiological research. We have employed and characterized paralyzing toxins from the venom of spiders, insects and scorpions with a limited supply. We have develo...

introduction: scorpion venoms contain a variety of peptides, toxic to mammals، insects and crustaceans and are the main factors in scorpion venom toxicity (their amount being 1-3% of total venom). most of the scorpion toxins have been isolated from the venoms of scorpions in the buthidae family. the scorpion buthotus schach of this family is widely found in the western regions of iran, but no p...

This work aimed to study the characterization and isolation of a alpha neurotoxinBmK, from the venom glands of Scorpion Buthida Mesobuthus eupeus Kuzestan (Iran). Scorpions Mesobuthus eupeus were collected from the Khuzestan province. Using RNXTM solution, the total RNA was extracted from the twenty separated venom glands. cDNA was synthesized with extracted total RNA as template and modified o...

Scorpion stings are a common occurrence in Saudi Arabia. The majority of cases present with local pain at the site of envenomation, and follow a benign clinical course. Severe systemic toxicity and mortality are uncommon. Reported deaths have been attributed to a primary effect of the venom on the cardiovascular system. Toxicity of envenomation varies between species and within the same species...

Scorpions are amongst the most ancient arthropods, as the oldest fossils were dated from the late silurian (Proscorpius osborni, 418 million years B.P.) [1]. Extant scorpions (with about 2,000 species spreading globally) are therefore 'living fossils', which retained all of the primitive features except that they are considerably smaller compared to their up to 1-meter long Brontoscorpio anglic...