social network analysis used to study the relationship between stakeholders and actors in natural resource management has become a scientific approach. the purpose of this study was analysis of information exchange network among organizations engage in the sustainable management of natural resources. results of social network analysis revealed that there is weak relationship among organizations...

The authors exploit the duality between the directional output price distance function and the maximal revenue function to estimate the price efficiency of Japanese securities firms during 2000 to 2007, a period in which securities firms faced greater competitive pressures. The directional output price distance function gives the maximum feasible addition to output prices, given inputs and a re...

Utilizing finance conceptual framework, this paper applies a Frontier-Volatility analysis to illuminate regulatory policies effects on volatility under Iranian Banking Prudential Framework over the period 2003 to 2015 using the raw database collected, classified and compiled by the Rahavard Novin Co. version 3, Securities and Stock Exchange Organization. Findings portray that volatility is affe...

A stock exchange is an entity which provides ‘‘trading’’ facilities for stock brokers and traders to trade stocks and other securities. How to invest in stock exchange is one of the important issues in investment, and one of the factors that can help investors in the process of investment is the efficiency of the corporation under consideration. Data envelopment analysis is a mathematical method...

internal audit is a process affected by an entity ‘s board of directors, management and other personnel, designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the achievement of objectives relating to operations, reporting and compliance. this definition reflects certain fundamental concepts. internal control is: • geared to achievement of objectives in one or more categories operations, repor...