The most important parameter in transformers life expectancy is the hot-spot temperature level which accelerates the rate of aging of the insulation. The aim of this paper is to present thermal models for transformers loaded at prefabricated MV/LV transformer substations and outdoor situations. The hot-spot temperature of transformers is studied using their top-oil temperature rise models. The ...

Phenomenological reactive flow models for the shock initiation and detonation of solid high explosives, such as the Ignition and Growth model and the Johnson-Tang-Forest (JTF) model have been very successful in reproducing most of the main features of these reactive flows. The reaction rate expressions in these models depend upon the average compressions and pressures attained in the reacting e...

[1] The radiogenic isotopic ratios of Sr, Nd, Hf, and Pb in basaltic lavas associated with major hot spots, such as Hawaii, document the geochemical heterogeneity of their mantle source. What processes created such heterogeneity? For Hawaiian lavas there has been extensive discussion of geochemically enriched source components, but relatively little attention has been given to the origin of dep...

Wireless networks are now proliferating due to the success of the IEEE 802.11b protocol, also known as “Wi-Fi” (Wireless Fidelity). A Wi-Fi network is characterized by a set of base stations (also called access points) placed throughout the environment and connected to the traditional wired LANs. This technology allows nomadic users a broadband access to the Internet if they are in the transmis...

IniB-the main external virulence factor of the bacterium Listeria monueytogenes- contains seven parallelB-strands at its concave face with a patches of five exposed aromatic amino acids as a hot spot for host receptor(Met) binding. For better understanding of energetic and physicochemical pmpendes, (u)folding transition,binding affinity and makmetic shielding censors of JAB-CRP-II-sheet ab hull...

Meiotic recombination occurs preferentially at certain regions in the genome referred to as hot spots. The number of hot spots known in humans has increased manifold in recent years. The identification of these hot spots in humans is of great interest to population and medical geneticists since they influence the structure of Linkage Disequilibrium and Haplotype blocks in human populations, who...

The methodology described in this article was developed to transcend the limitations of both approaches. Its goal is to use existing data to identify small areas with high levels of adolescent childbearing. The method is an active approach to identify what can be defined as “hot spots” for adolescent births, even when they are located in counties or communities where adolescent births are not c...

Third-generation cellular systems will provide wide coverage and nearly universal roaming, but will not realistically live up to the bit rate expectations placed on them. On the other hand, WLAN systems already offer bit rates surpassing those of 3G systems, but are often found lacking with respect to roaming and mobility support. In short, WLAN systems are great for hot spot coverage, while 3G...

Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 75 drilled into igneous basement in the Angola Basin at Site 530, located about 20 km north of the escarpment at the eastern end of the Walvis Ridge. Petrographic and geochemical characteristics of the basalts indicate that the basement is quite uniform, variations in chemical composition being related to weathering, crystal fractionation, and the modal abundances ...

This paper considers spatial data z(s1); Z(s2); ; Z(sn) collected at n locations, with the objective of predicting z(s0) at another location. The usual method of analysis for this problem is kriging, but here we introduce a new signal-plus-noise model whose essential feature is the identi cation of hot spots. The signal decays in relation to distance from hot spots. We show that hot spots can b...